Dog Clothes: Fashion vs. Function

These days, dog clothes have become popular items among dog owners, but are they really necessary or completely frivolous? The answer depends on several factors including the type of dog clothing and its purpose. In the case of Halloween or Christmas costumes, the dog clothes obviously exist solely for the enjoyment of the owner and other dog lovers and not for the dog's benefit. However, when winter hits, even the experts agree that dogs need extra protection from the cold.

Dr. Bruce Fogle, author of several dog books, says "Small dogs and delicate breeds with thin single coats may need additional protection from the winter rain and cold." For this purpose a quality small dog sweater can be very beneficial to small breeds like Chihuahuas that lose heat quickly and easily. Many people say they disagree with the idea of dressing up dogs, but as it has been proven there, many times dog clothes, i.e. dog sweaters serve a necessary function besides making dogs look cute.

Another popular item to buy among dog owners is an accessory. Just like dog clothing, the usefulness of an accessory depends on its purpose. For instance, a bandanna is not going to be of use to a dog, but booties can be. City dwellers know that when winter weather ices over the sidewalks, rock salt is poured out by the bag. The problem with rock salt is that it can cause a dog's feet to bleed and the salt itself can get in the wound and cause further irritation. Booties solve this problem and are easier to use than reapplying wax. Even Dr. Fogle says that "if winter is particularly harsh where you live, you could consider insulated boots for your dog." So, if you're having reservations about getting your best friend some dog clothes, just remember the benefits they are going to get.

Grant Carroll proud father of three dogs and co-owner of http://www.littlepamperedpets.com with Dog Clothes and Small Dog Sweaters. Visit Elizabeth Austin to find Wholesale Dog Clothes and Wholesale Pet Supplies

How to Find a Certified Dog Trainer

Are you in the market for a dog trainer? Do you want your dog to learn from a top notch certified dog trainer? You may have dreams of seeing your dog in professional dog competitions and shows. Therefore, you need to have your dog trained by a certified dog trainer to ensure the best results.

Why should you hire a certified dog trainer instead of a basic dog trainer? A certified dog trainer is one that takes their dog training career seriously enough to become certified. You can feel comfortable in the fact that they have met high dog training standards and passed certification exams and tests. You don’t want a fly-by-night dog trainer, but a certified dog trainer that is in it for the long haul.

How do you find a certified dog trainer? There are numerous dog trainers available in the market place today. Dog trainers range in age, skill level, and experience. Your neighbor might tell you that they are a dog trainer because they have read a few books on the subject and taught their dog to fetch the newspaper. This is not sufficient dog training experience.

You should consult a variety of resources. Try asking your dog breeder, groomer, and veterinarian. They can direct you to local dog training schools that have certified dog trainers on their faculty. Various pet supply stores have dog training programs that train and certify their dog trainers. Example pet supply stores include PETCO.

However, research what they mean by “certification�. Is the certification by PETCO standards only or by a universal certification? Find out what the requirements are for their certified dog trainers. Only then can you determine if their dog trainers will supply the skill level and experience you desire.

You need to find a dog trainer that has had comprehensive training and can proudly demonstrate that they are a certified dog trainer. Be aware, though, that there are many “certified dog training� schools and home correspondence courses available. Not all of these schools are credible nor do they provide proper instruction. You need to find a dog trainer that has certification as described by the Certification Council for Pet Dog Trainers.

The Certification Council for Pet Dog Trainers is a well respected organization that provides testing and certification services for dog trainers. They administer specific dog training tests in various states around the country approximately twice per year. These intensive tests root out the professional dog trainer from the average dog trainer. Check out their website at: http://www.ccpdt.org/.

The Certification Council for Pet Dog Trainers also provides a listing of certified dog trainers. You can search through this listing to find a certified dog trainer in your area. This roster of certified dog trainers comprises certified dog trainers all over the world. The certified dog trainer list will give you their contact information including name, city, phone number, and e-mail address. Another great feature is that they list the date the dog trainer became certified. This will let you know how many years they have been in the dog training business. Peruse the list at: http://ccpdt.org/rstr/index.html.

Certified pet trainers do not only need to pass a certification exam and testing, they must also continue their education through workshops, conferences, and other means. When selecting a certified dog trainer ask them about the extent of their continuing education. You want a certified dog trainer that continues to hone their craft. They should actively learning about various dog training methods. This demonstrates that they are committed to providing the best dog training.

A certified dog trainer should have at least three to five years of dog training experience. This is especially true if they charge higher fees. You can take the plunge with a newly certified dog trainer if cost is an issue. Newly certified dog trainers may charge lower rates in order to establish a list of clients and garner experience. “Master� certified dog trainers are those that have twenty to thirty years of experience. They may have great skill and in depth background experience, but may come at a higher price.

You have the beginning knowledge regarding finding a certified dog trainer. Spend time searching resources available through your dog breeder, veterinarian, and pet supply store. Scour the book store, library, and Internet for detailed information. You can find a certified dog trainer in your area as well.

You wouldn’t go to an unlicensed doctor would you? So why would go to a trainer that is not certified? Certified dog trainers are out there and ready to help you and your pooch learn valuable skills. They are committed to your dog, their career, and learning everything they can about becoming a top notch dog trainer. Who knows, your certified dog trainer may help your dog win the Westminster dog show. Not only would your dog be trained well and achieve glory, but the expense would be well worth it.

Visit the dog products website to research dog breeds & get free tips on dog training, dog health, dog grooming & how to find dog sitters & dog walkers.

Pet Insurance Is Vital To Your Financial & Emotional Health

Pet insurance was front and centre during my last visit to the vet. As we were standing in a line, a woman came screaming into the lobby, carrying her bleeding and crushed dog in her arms. He had been hit by a car and was near death. The dog was dying and she didn't have pet insurance. The woman was hysterical. The retriever had been in their family for 10 years and she was frantic about what would she tell the kids if she didn't bring their best friend home. The vets came running out and assessed the dog quickly on the spot. He needed emergency surgery, blood transfusions, x-rays and fluids. What did she want to do, they asked her. The cost to save her dog's life could be as high as $5000. They asked her again what she wanted to do. This just added to the woman's tears. I'll find a way, she said, do you what you have to do. They asked her if she had pet insurance and she said no. My goodness, I thought. Where would I come up with $5000 to save my pet if my credit cards were charged up? In that moment, I realized that the $15 per month I spent on pet insurance for each of my cats was not option. In fact, the pet insurance was vital to our financial and emotional health. What is pet insurance? Pet Insurance is a policy that covers your household pets such as cats and dogs as long as they're healthy. That means if an emergency medical situation arises like the dog above, I can make the best choices for the comfort and health of my pet. Pet insurance usually covers more than just the vet bills. It can also cover emergency kenneling costs, theft and travel. Piece of mind and emotional health for pet owners. Millions of dog and cat owners treat their pets like members of the family. My four cats are members of our family. I cannot imagine the trauma and distress of trying to make a life or death decision based solely on our ability to pay. Pet insurance means I never have to make that decision. That gives me great comfort similar to what I feel knowing my kids are looked after through my life insurance if something happens to me. Pet insurance means unexpected bills won't cause you financial hardship. Pet insurance can take away the financial worries when a pet is seriously ill. Knowing this, when I first discovered pet insurance in the late 1980's (while renewing my life insurance) I jumped all over it. At that time, $25 per month to cover three cats seemed like peanuts. Today, I pay $60 for 4 cats. Are there different levels of pet insurance? Just like the different coverages on your life insurance policy, pet insurance plans are the same. There are usually different levels of coverages available where different values or events are covered. Usually the higher the monthly payment, the greater the value of coverages. Different aspects of coverages you need to review include Vet's Fees, Coverage for Life, Accidental Damage, Death from Illness, Death from Accident, Advertising & Reward, Theft or Straying, Third Party Liability & Legal Expenses, Boarding Kennel Fees, Holiday Cancellation Costs and Overseas Travel. When should you get pet insurance? I have insured all of my cats within the first six months of life. It is often difficult to get insurance for older pets. Usually pre-existing illnesses will not be covered. That's why it is important to think about insurance as soon as possible.

The Eleventh Commandment: Care For Your Pets

Pets are an extension of one’s life and love. Caring for pets means one has the ability, skill and heart to give love and take good care of one of nature’s creations. The following are tips and advice to consider when caring for that furry feline, canine, tweety, crawly, etc. friend of yours.

Clean, clean, clean and clean

Sanitation is an all important aspect of a pet’s existence. It is important that pets must be washed and cleaned regularly. Also, dishes used by pets must be separated from those dishes used by other human members of the household. Rinse the dishes used by pets with boiling water, this is after they have been washed thoroughly with soap and water.

As mush as possible, do not let children kiss any and all forms of animals. Dishes used by children should never, ever be shared with pets. Wash your hands quickly and thoroughly after handling pets, pet foods, their cages, boxes, etc. Make sure that pets have been vaccinated appropriately against any and all forms of disease.

Know which does and which does not cause poison

Be aware and be in the know with regards to the kinds of poisons that are available in and around your house. Any products that are lethal for pets must be very well kept out of their reach. An example of these products are the following: pesticides, cleaners, fertilizers, detergents. However, in such a case where the animal is suspected of ingesting such chemicals, make sure that the pet is kept quiet and warm.

It is also important that the poison ingested is immediately determined as well as the quantity swallowed. Most importantly, the nearest animal doctor or the center for poison control is contacted as soon as possible.

Tis the season to have fleas

For pets, especially dogs, fleas and its bites is so annoying and irritating. Pets scratch, pets also chew. After which, what could follow is a very painful and uncomfortable process of more scratching and skin rashes or breakout.

Take note, fleas that have grown into full fledged adults are more dangerous to the health of your pets to the extent that they could cause serious health problems such as dermatitis, allergy, tapeworms. Believe it or not, these fleas could also cause your pet to have anemia. These diseases that are flea-related actually is the leading cause of almost fifty percent of skin-related cases checked up by vets.

The best thing in order to avoid these fleas is to prevent their causes rather than just simply cure them.

Veterinarians have a good idea as to the specific and latest products that effectively kills fleas, their eggs and any larvae.

Choose your vet wisely

The best way to choose the appropriate vet is by thinking how this vet bests suits your wants and needs with regards to the health of your pet as well as the needs of your pet. Good vets usually take a pet history. Records of immunization, health, medications, traits and attitudes of your pet are taken in detail and kept.

Vets must always have your pet’s need as their priority. The following are a few of the best ways to finding that perfect vet for your pet: ask a friend who knows. Friends who also care sincerely for animals or own one usually have a good vet in mind or are having their pets checked up to one.

In summary, pets are human’s best friend. And as best friends they should be treated the same way that humans must be appropriately treated; with care, respect and lots of love.

Article Source: http://www.articledashboard.com

Robert Thatcher is a freelance publisher based in Cupertino, California. He publishes articles and reports in various ezines and provides pet care resources on www.justpetcare.info.

Beware of Holiday Goodies for your dog or cat

The holidays mean lots of rich and fatty foods for most people. Who can resist ...... candy, cookies, fudge, egg nog, pumpkin pie, not to mention the home cooked meals and family togetherness? It's part of the spirit of the season. While we may not be able to resist the urge to overindulge ourselves, we can and should resist the urge to overindulge our pets. Let's face it, we all sneak a little table treat to our pets every now and then. It's hard to say no to those wanting eyes. And, the excited look on their little face when they realize they are getting a treat is priceless. But, tread lightly down this path!! For one, animals have a very short span of contentment. Their contented state lasts long enough for them to swallow the last bite. Then, those wanting eyes are right back in your face, watching your every move... expecting... hoping... guilting ... If you head down this path, be prepared to deal with it every single time you sit down for dinner. But, the annoyance of a begging animal is just a minor problem. The bigger problem is that table scraps can lead to indigestion, upset tummies, vomiting and diarrhea. Pets have a very sensitive system. Upsetting the balance of that system can cause them all kinds of health problems. Table scraps can also be high in fat and sugar, which can lead to weight problems, heart problems, and diabetes. So, What are the Best Types of Treats? Treats that contain wholesome, natural ingredients are a great alternative for keeping your pets healthy and happy.Âÿ Consider treats that work to improve the overall health of your pets.Âÿ There are many out there that promote dental health, assist with achy joints, are high in antioxidants, or vitamin enriched.Âÿ

The 'Hands On' Approach to Loving Your Pet

If you are really interested in the holistic approach, then giving your pet massages in addition to nutrient rich premium dog food and cat food as well as nutritional supplements can help to keep your beloved animal in superb shape. Not only is massage a great way to spot situations on your pet that you would not have noticed otherwise, it is also a wonderful way to bond with your animal.

If you want to enhance your dog or cat's inner wellness, relax their muscles and stimulate various neurotransmittersâ€"their own natural healing mechanismsâ€"then massage or acupressure is possibly the best possible area to get started. Here are a few of the basics.

Find a quiet, peaceful place and choose the right time. Start by brushing your hands gently from the head to the start of the tail. Continue this at a speed that permits your animal to relax. You will see and feel the relaxation fisthand.

There are acupressure points all over their bodies. They are between the muscle and the bone. There are books that tell you exactly where these points are. For basic massage, focus on the area that appears to be affecting your dog or cat. You may wish to massage that area for some time. Your animal will tell you how well you are doing by his/her level of relaxation.

Apply a steady rotating pressure with one fingertip to the particular acupressure point. To stimulate the point and give it additional energy, rub it in a clockwise fashion.

If you wish to calm them down or relax a sore muscle, massage in a counterclockwise fashion instead.

It is vital that you relax also. Breathe slowly as well as deeply, expanding your gut out as you breath out and pulling your tummy in while you breath in.

If you cannot get in a comfortable position or if your dog/cat is obviously unhappy, then the massage will obviously not be beneficial. Get up and plan a different time for it.

As your pet’s energy meets yours, you will see as well as feel the alignment between the two of you. The breathing may become closer to your rhythm or move so that your hands hit particular points more often. This is an example of the human-animal bond.

Towards the end of your massage session, your animal will be relaxed enough for you to gently rub his ears, rub softly around his eyes as well as on his muzzle. When done, make sure to rise slowly to give your pet the cue that the session is complete.

This is a very basic overview of some of the holistic methods that you may want to consider.

Ryan Joseph is a writer/researcher. For information regarding Life's Abundance premium dog food from holistic vet Dr. Jane Bicks go to http://www.dog-food-nutrition.com/dog-food.htm.

Dogs, Cats, Horses…We Love Them All!

We have a long history with domesticated animals and even the nay Sayers can’t deny their roll in society past and present.

There is evidence that as long as 10,000 years ago the Native Americans had domesticated dogs as depicted in early rock paintings. Apparently, the dogs in the painting look remarkably like the Carolina dogs of today.

It has been well documented that dogs and horses of past have been bred to assist us in various ways whether it be pack dog, work horse, hunter or herder. There is no doubt that they have value and have contributed to society in many ways.

The cat however is a very interesting animal indeed. I have yet to see a cat that can herd, or help with the hunt or carry supplies on their backs for us. The cat is strictly a companion to us, that is if they decide to allow you to be graced with their presence. Most cats still have that strong hunting urge as evidenced by your cats offering of that bird he just caught or mouse he brings to you. Most cats get attached to an area that they claim as their own. Some cats get very attached to the people who love them but as a general rule I think the cat feels he is the one who rules and he is allowing you to care for him. Still, we love them.

Horses are a special breed and have a tremendous ability to assist us in ways as only the horse can. Horses have been our mode of transportation much longer than our current ways of getting around. They are to me of such beauty, grace, and power and I always think of them in that way much more than an animal that works for us. They are spectacular.

Dogs however are by far the most domesticated of all animals. They not only help us but they are so genuinely attached to people and their antics are a constant source of pleasure to us. Just look at children or elderly people in an old folks home. If a child finds a stray dog they will surely beg you to allow them to keep the dog. If you take a dog into an old folks home you can see the dog respond happily around them and the smiles on peoples faces are a joy to see.

I had a Springer Spaniel when I was younger and he was the funniest, most easy- going dog around. He was unusual in that he had a very special relationship with our guinea pig. We had the best time watching these two at play. It was the same every day. The guinea pig would wait at the hallway entrance and would stay there until the dog noticed. Then the chase was on! The dog would bark and chase him all the way down the hall. The guinea pig at the last minute would veer to the left and run into the bedroom and go under the bed. The dog was big and somewhat clumsy and would never be able to slow down in time and he’d crash into the wall, get up and then go put his nose under the bed and bark. They would do this four or five times in a row and then curl up together and sleep. Those two made us laugh. It was great!

We love our animals, as it should be. Be kind and take well care of them.

Willie Jones

Willie is a freelance writer, researcher, floral designer, and artist. Thanks very much for reading this far. Please come and visit us at: http://www.artinspires.com/for an inspirational poster or two

“Make sure you enroll in the free motivational poster drawing. All winners receive a free framed print.�

Feline Bronchitis ("Feline Asthma")

Feline bronchitis, commonly called feline asthma, is a disease in cats affecting the smaller airways that branch off the windpipe (trachea). These branches, called bronchi, allow the transport of air into and out of the lungs. When the bronchi become obstructed because of constriction or con-traction of the muscles in the walls of these airways, the inflammation or irritation of the airways, or excessive secretions that plug the insides of the airways, the end result is an impaired ability to bring oxygen into the lungs for delivery to the rest of the body. Although the term "asthma" is commonly used to describe this syndrome in cats, this term is somewhat misleading. Asthma, in people, specifically refers to the reversible constriction of muscles in the walls of the bronchi. Some cats have true asthma, whereas others have bronchitis. Bronchitis is associated with inflammation and swelling of the walls of the bronchi that cause a narrowed passageway and airway obstruction by plugs of mucus or other secretions, which also narrows these tubes. Bronchitis can be acute (short duration) and associated with reversible changes in the structure of the airways or chronic (long duration, usually more than 2 to 3 months) and associated with permanent, irreversible changes in the airways. Bronchitis and asthma can occur at the same time and can be caused by bacterial infections, parasites, allergies, or inhaled irritants; in many cases, the underlying cause cannot be found. The most common signs of bronchitis in cats include constant, cyclic, or seasonal coughing; difficulty breathing; and/or wheezing. Episodes of coughing can mimic vomiting; some owners think their cats are vomiting up hairballs when they are truly having a coughing fit followed by retching. Breathing may be rapid or require excessive effort; some severely affected cats may breathe with their mouths open. If your cat ever displays any of these symptoms, it should be promptly taken to your veterinarian for further evaluation, as these signs are a warning of potentially serious disease. These signs are not specific for bronchitis and can also be seen with many other diseases including heart failure, pneumonia, and lung cancer. In the diagnosis of feline bronchitis by your veterinarian, the first test is usually to take a radiograph (x-ray) of the chest. Second, your veterinarian may recommend obtaining a sample of cells from the trachea and bronchi to examine under a microscope and to culture for any infectious organisms. It is also common to check the blood and feces for parasites (heartworm and lung worm, respectively). There are several principles to follow in the treatment of feline bronchitis. First, any underlying disease (for example, bacterial or parasitic infection) must be appropriately diagnosed and treated. Second, changes must be made in the cat's environment, since cats with bronchitis often have sensitive, hyperactive airways, and inhalation of irritating particles from the environment can cause worsening of their disease. Consequently, it is strongly recommended that their exposure to smoke (cigarette or fireplace), dusts (cat litter, carpet fresheners, flea powder), and sprays (insecticides, hair spray, perfumes, and cleaning products) be eliminated or minimized. Third, weight reduction in obese cats should be attempted under the supervision of a veterinarian. Finally, medication should be given to treat the airway obstruction directly. Two classes of drugs are commonly prescribed: steroids (such as prednisone, dexamethasone, and methlyprednisone), and bronchodilators (such as theophylline, aminophylline, and terbutaline). Bronchodilators help to dilate or open the airways by relaxing the muscular walls. Common side effects of bronchodilators in cats can include gastrointestinal upset, restlessness, and lethargy. Steroids decreases the inflammation and swelling of the airway walls. Side effects in cats are uncommon but may include behavioral changes. It is important that your cat have regular rechecks with your veterinarian, as the doses of the medications commonly need to be adjusted. Prognosis is variable for this disease. If the underlying cause can be identified and successfully treated or eliminated, the prognosis is excellent. If permanent damage to the airways has occurred, the disease cannot be cured. With proper medical management, clinical signs can be controlled and the damage to the bronchi can be stopped or slowed. Some cats suffering severe asthma attacks can die despite intensive medical efforts. The above is general veterinary information. Do not begin any course of treatment without consulting your regular veterinarian. All animals should be examined at least once every 12 months.

Westies for Sale - Avoiding the Perils of Purebred Puppy Purchases

In the purebred West Highland Terrier puppy market, there are few rules or laws governing who may breed dogs, and then advertise Westies for sale. Both ancestry and the breeding environment will affect the quality of the Westies offered for sale, and some breeders are a lot less careful about these details than others. Never buy the first Westie you find, from the first breeder you come across advertising Westies for sale. Take the time to learn about both the breed and the breeder to avoid an expensive mistake, and the heart-breaking loss of a dog due to health problems. Because of the inbreeding required to produce specific size, shape, talents, and coats, all pure breeds are prone to genetic defects. Westies offered for sale in the purebred market are no different. First educate yourself about the health problems that often occur in Westies, and then be prepared to question the sellers about the steps they have taken to avoid them. Westies for sale from a conscientious breeder will come with clear records of their ancestry up to three to four generations, and will often have undergone genetic testing to find possible defects. 'Backyard Breeders' are individuals who purchase Westies with the plan to breed them at home, and then offer Westie puppies for sale to offset their expenses. 'Puppy Mills' breed their dogs with the goal of having each bitch produce as many Westies for sale in the least possible amount of time. Neither type of breeder is likely to know or care about the eventual health of the dogs they offer for sale. The Westies for sale at pet stores, or other retail establishments, usually come from one of these sources. All three should be avoided. There are home breeders who are avid hobbyists, and are conscientious about the dogs they breed. There are also respectable kennels that ensure that the Westies they offer are well cared-for. Westies for sale from these sources are what you are looking for. Westie puppies for sale from a reliable breeder will not be timid or shy, small or sickly, or under eight weeks old. They will have their papers, shots, worming, and be well-socialized. The Westie breeder should provide references, a warranty contract against defects, and even advice about care. West Highland Terrier Breeders who have been conscientious about the breeding and care of the Westies they offer for sale will not hesitate to let you take the puppy to a veterinarian for a preliminary checkup. They have done their jobs well, and have nothing to hide. There are many reputable kennels, and knowledgeable hobbyist breeders who love their Westies, and will want the puppies and dogs they offer for sale to go to a good home. Good breeders will ask you as many questions as you ask them. If they want to know if you have a fence, if the Westie will be left alone during the day, or if you have raised other dogs, don't be offended. These are the breeders who care enough to give your Westie puppy a good start in life. (Disclaimer: Any information contained in this site relating to various medical, health and fitness conditions of Westies or other animals and their treatments is for informational purposes only and is not meant to be a substitute for the advice provided by your own veterinarian. You should not use the information contained herein for diagnosing the health of any animal. You should always consult and check with your own vet or veterinarian.) I do hope that you have found the article of use to you. Good health and happiness Jeff Cuckson webmaster@madaboutwesties.com ************************************** Want To Know How To Have The Healthiest, Happiest and Most Well Behaved Westie You Have Ever Dreamed Of! Then Visit NOW! http://www.madaboutwesties.com **************************************

Special Gifts for Animal Lovers

Animal lovers come in all shapes and sizes. Undoubtedly if you bump into an animal lover you will find them to be friendly, loving, caring, and compassionate human beings.

There are hundreds of gifts for animal lovers, bound to bring a smile to their face. Keep in mind that a pet can be any number of animals including cats, dogs, horses, fish, birds, reptiles and even little piggies.

When searching for gifts for animal lovers, remember that each animal has distinct personalities, characteristics and habits. Some of these are detailed for you below.

1. Cats: Cats have perhaps the most distinct personality from any other animal. They might definitely be described as independent creatures. They are also lazy creatures, often requiring a nap in excess of three hours or more during the day. A cat traditionally will require his/her own 'space' within your household, so be certain you take this into consideration. Among the top gifts for cats include catnip and scratching posts.

2. Dogs: Dogs are the universal unconditional lover. No matter who you are, where you come from or what you do, a dog is sure to love you. Unlike their feline friends, dogs love to travel in a car, and will often sit next to the driver and enjoy the ride. They tend to obey commands, and love to play chase. A Frisbee might be a cherished gift to a dog lover.

3. Fish: Fish were created for those that love animals but don't have a lot of time to commit to elaborate hygiene and entertainment schedules. Fish pretty much live a self sufficient existence. They swim about, look beautiful and occasionally do something 'neat' that captures the attention of their owners and guests. Aquarium supplies and accessories are often appreciated by fish lovers.

You might find that an individual with an affinity for parakeets or other birds has quite a personality and loves to talk. Animal lovers often bond with pets that match their personality and lifestyle habits. Thus, when considering gifts for animal lovers keep in mind the pet owner's personality, and you'll easily find a gift that will satisfy both the owner and the pet.

Adriana Copaceanu provides people with creative gift ideas that don't blow the bank. You can find Great pet gift ideas at her site. Want regular reminders on gift-giving? Sign up for Gift News her free monthly newsletter.

The Naming Game

If “fashionistas� are obsessed with brand names, dog lovers are hooked on dog breeds. This is because purebred dogs are expensive and belong to the high-level of this particular species.

Generally, dog breeds were incorporated to give distinctive characteristics to certain classifications, thus, resulting to a substantial number of varieties.

However, people who breed dogs often find it hard to detect the specific characteristic of the resulting species. There are times that off springs appear to be different from their “parents.�

In dog breeding, experts contend that the off springs should have the same characteristics as their parents, both physical attributes and behavior. For example, a breeding pair of Retrievers should produce the black puppies because purebred Retrievers have black coats.

However, there are instances that retrievers produce puppies that have yellow coats. Hence, cases like this are not considered by the known Kennel clubs. What happens next is that these yellow retrievers are sometimes “euthanized� by dog breeders based on the notion that they want to curb the probable reoccurrence of such species.

This particular issue has long been debated by many dog experts and scientists because of the fact that there are certain instances wherein genetic consequences may intervene.

In addition, studies show that dog breeds, like the human race, have no specific scientific origins and that their breeds cannot even be identified and proven even by DNA. So, the chances of getting a purebred dog are not that common.

However, because of the existence of dog breeds, Kennel clubs only consider pure dog breeds on their competitions.

Today, there are about 160 dog breeds being recognized by the club, but most people can only recognize a dozen or two. In fact, even those who are experts in dog breeding may still confuse a certain breed as a cross between two dog breeds.

Hence, dog breeds should not be considered as a basis on whether or not a certain dog will bite. Most people have this thinking that there are dog breeds that will not bite.

People should keep in mind that dog biting is based on behavior, in which certain environmental and social variables trigger the behavior. Hence, experts contend that there is no breed of dog will attack somebody without any reason at all. This means that 99.9% of all dogs will not attack anyone as long as there are no viable reasons that will trigger the attack.

The bottom line is that dog breeds may still vary, depending on their genetic make-up. Hence, the foundation of classifying dogs according to their physical attributes and behavior may be affected by different factors.

No wonder why the issues about purebreds are endless.

Article Source: http://www.articledashboard.com

Jack Russell is a a long time dog fancier, visit his Dog Resources Blog and download his Free Dog Owners Handbook - it's Dog Gone Good! www.daveshealthbuzz.com/dogcare/

With Discount Pet Supplies, Every Pet Can be Treated Like Royalty

The most popular name for both dogs and cats is Max, but with the boom in the purchase of discount pet supplies, you'd think the popular names would be "King" and "Princess." American consumers are spending an unprecedented amount on goodies for their pampered pets, some of which live like royalty. Here are but a few examples of the ways in which Americans are helping pooches, felines, and other furry or feathered family members lead a life of luxury.

Garments: The animal kingdom has seemingly embraced fashion and style, with dogs routinely sporting T-shirts, coats, costumes, and even hats. Graphic T-shirts with pithy sayings have replaced bandanas around the neck, and Burberry coats have taken the place of hand-knit sweaters.

Jewelry: Yes, jewelry for pets is the latest hot item in pet fashion. Collars embedded with crystals or faux pearls, hair clips featuring rhinestones, and leashes that coordinate with pet jewelry are de rigueur for stylish dogs.

Parties: While not yet rivaling the party industry for children, birthday parties for pets are becoming increasingly popular. The pet's owners invite the pets of their friends and serve scrumptious (to dogs and cats, at least) snacks and "cakes." Presents, of course, are mandatory.

Grooming: Increasingly, dog owners are taking advantage of full-service doggie day care centers across the country. Not only do these centers feed and care for their charges, but they also organize the dogs into playgroups and take them for walks. Some doggie day spas also offer hot oil treatments as well as standard forms of grooming. There is also a growing trend to provide pets with spa treatments at home, utilizing aromatherapy-based products with fragrances that appeal to and soothe pets.

Car Seats: Although not considered essential auto parts, pet car seats and car seat accessories are becoming increasingly popular. Car seats allow small dogs to look out the car window while traveling and help keep the pets safe.

Electronics: Manufacturers are now offering a range of electronics for pets, from remote training collars and containment systems to bird launchers.

Bedding: While traditional pet beds are comfortable, suppliers are now offering dog and cat mattresses that conform to the body of the pet. These dog and cat beds are especially useful for animals that have arthritis or injuries that make finding a comfortable sleeping position difficult.

When it comes to pet supplies, there have never been more options. Online shopping venues often offer a tremendous variety of pet supplies at a steeper discount than most retail outlets.

Chris Robertson is an author of Majon International, one of the worlds MOST popular internet marketing companies on the web. Visit this Shopping - General Website and Majon's Shopping - General directory.

What You Need to Know About Pets and Feng Shui

Every space needs active energy and love. Pets give us both. And pets allow us to express our love, too. Pets are often looked on as members of the family, and as such, should be considered when you are reviewing the feng shui of your home.

Regardless of the type of pet, there are some simple feng shui guidelines about having pets that range from common sense suggestions about care and feeding, to things you might not consider, such as how pets impact your relationships, finances, or health.

PETS ARE GOOD FENG SHUI
This is the most important thing to remember. Their energy and liveliness means we have an active home even when we aren’t there, making our homes more “yang.� Dogs, for instance, also provide protective energy for our homes helping us to feel more secure and safe.

When dogs bark and wag their tails happily, they give us lots of exuberant joy. And petting and caring for any animal gives us and them great feng shui energy -- and displays of love are always wonderful feng shui. This is the best case. But when are pets not good feng shui? There are some instances when the feng shui of your home is disturbed by pets.

GOOD FENG SHUI MEANS PETS ARE CARED FOR PROPERLY
The worst case scenario is when pets are not cared for properly. If the fish tank isn’t clean and clear, the fish don’t do as well â€" and neither do you. Fish represent success in feng shui and wealth, and if the water is dirty, then both may elude you.

Furthermore, in feng shui, dirty water can also lead to health problems. One of the worst situations I ever saw was a fish tank so dirty you couldn’t even see the fish at all. The couple who lived in this house were dead broke and divorced after a short time. I could feel nothing but sorrow for those poor, poor creatures.

What must have other visitors thought -- and what did this nasty tank do the psyche of everyone in the home? Or, what was the message to the child who saw parents who cared so little for these fish that they wouldn’t even provide them with clean water?

So, while it’s nice to have a pet, the first priority must always be the pet’s health, safety, and care. If you don’t have the proper space or time to care for the pet, then it’s better not to have them because, simply put, having animals in poor condition(s) is very bad feng shui.

GOOD FENG SHUI KEEPS PETS & PEOPLE BALANCED
If animals live in the house, it’s important to make sure that proper hierarchy is observed. I can’t tell you how many pet horror stories I see that range from romantic difficulties to health problems because the pets have dominance over people. Remember, you are the master of your domain, and it should remain this way. Also, good feng shui is about balance.

While there are cases where animals are not cared for properly, i.e., given the right conditions, treatment, too little interaction or stimulation, or care, it’s very often the case that the pets are in a position superior to the people in the house. This means the house is out of balance, and if this is the case, the feng shui is impacted. The end result means that life is not as good as it could â€" or should â€" be.

Try to observe some simple feng shui pet rules.

1. ANIMALS SHOULD NOT BE ALLOWED ON FURNITURE
â€" unless it’s furniture specifically for them. This puts them on equal footing with people.

2. ANIMALS SHOULD NOT BE ON THE BED, particularly for couples. This divides the couple and gets in the way of romance, and sometimes, the relationship. It would be better if the animals were not in the bedroom of a couple, but if it comes to choosing between pets sleeping in the room on the bed or the floor, go with the floor, never the bed.

3. PETS SHOULDN’T BE THE FIRST THING SOMEONE NOTICES ABOUT YOUR HOUSE.
Pets should enhance a home, not dominate it. If your kitty litter box is the first thing you see â€" or smell â€" when you enter someone’s home, then there’s a problem â€" and it’s not just mean the smell. If this is the case, you will find that this is a house where the occupant(s) is usually struggling.

Maybe you have a dog that barks, jumps on, scares or threatens people as soon as they enter your home. Well, then, you have a situation where every time someone comes in, fear comes with them. Is this the kind of environment you want to live in?

If this sounds like your pet(s), then at the very least, they should be secured in another room when someone comes to visit. The fear they inspire will create a yin environment. If this is your situation, then you have a home where your energy is dragging and motivation is low.

One homeowner has a very large aggressive dog that he thinks is sweet and wonderful. However, this dog scares visitors. This dog definitely rules the roost and he knows it.

What’s worse is when a pet is given full reign of the house and its owner thinks it’s “cute.� One such homeowner struggles on a number of fronts, particularly with relationships. This is definitely a situation where the animal comes before the person, and makes one wonder if the dog scares away potential love relationships. Authority should be re-established with this pet so that the home is allowed to draw people (or a new love interest?) to it.

4. YOUR DOG/CAT/BIRD/ETC. SHOULDN’T COME BEFORE ANYONE ELSE.
If Fido or Fluffy do, this, too, is a problem. Feng shui is all about balance. If pets are completely superior, then balance doesn’t exist. For example, one woman had pictures of her dog all over the house. She struggled with finding a romantic partner and was very upset about being over forty with no love prospects in sight. She even had an expensive oil painting of the dog over her bed.

Well, how could a romantic partner come to the house when 1) the dog barked and jumped on everyone coming in the door; and 2) the dog was “top dog� to the extent that she symbolically slept over her master every night?

Despite being advised to move the picture and make other enhancements to help her love life, but she would not part with the picture and remains single to this day. Pets should not come between people.

5. YOUR HEALTH SHOULDN’T SUFFER FROM HAVING PETS.
I am constantly amazed at people who suffer from all kinds of health complaints, but yet they have eight indoor cats and swear it’s the pollen outside that’s bothering them. The cats are all over the furniture and the kitchen counters. This is not healthy, not to mention a turn off to visitors. Cats, in particular, are yin animals. Offset their yin energy by keeping lights on and music playing to keep your home active and energetic.

6. DON’T MAKE YOUR FRIENDS AND FAMILY AVOID YOUR HOME.
If you have to use a lint brush on friends and family before they leave your house, this could make others avoid coming over. The fur clinging to them is very “yin� and will make them feel depleted or dirty when they leave your home. This energy then makes your house feel yin, too.

If your house isn’t sociable, visitors rarely come by, or people leave right away, then think about revving up your environment with bright colors, sunlight, music, or other active enhancements. It may be that the environment is too yin.

7. USE YOUR PETS TO YOUR ADVANTAGE WITH FENG SHUI.
Simply having a loving pet is good for you. But, the pet must also be good for the entire home to the extent that the pet is friendly, clean, and not bothersome to your relationships or visitors to you home.

Dogs are wonderful for infusing a home with lively energy, fish bring success, turtles symbolize longevity, and cats are symbols of financial luck (i.e., lucky cats seen at Asian businesses). So, as hard as it might be, take a long look at your pet situation to make sure that your pets aren’t harming your feng shui and are enhancing your life.

Kathryn Weber is the publisher of the Red Lotus Letter feng shui e-zine and is dedicated to helping her readers develop successful, prosperous, and supportive environments with feng shui. To subscribe, logon to www.redlotusletter.com and receive this special report Fr*ee "16 Feng Shui Secrets for Greater Prosperity."

kweber@redlotusconsulting.com

Indoor Pet Containment Systems

Some people like keeping dogs indoors most of the time. However, in such cases, there obviously is the need of some indoor dog containment systems that help train the dog to keep to its boundaries while in the house.

If you plan to keep your dog in a safe and secure indoor refuge, the wire cage is an excellent choice. Some feel that the cage is a type of doggie jail. However, dogs are instinctively den animals that prefer a space of their own. So cages provide the dog with a private and quiet space. It also helps in housetraining puppies and in controlling destructive behavior due to stress, teething and separation anxiety. There are square back, non-foldable and fold-and-carry cages to choose from. There are also tent-style cages made from canvas or nylon that are ideal when taking the dog camping or traveling. Another form of indoor dog containment system is the crate. It is a lightweight plastic crate that provides the dog with privacy and comfort while traveling or at home. Some plastic crates can be folded down or collapsed, enhancing their portability.

To keep your dog from trouble and to restrict its access to specific rooms or areas, pet gates are the best choice. You could put the gate at the bottom or top of a flight of stairs to confine the dog. There are different models to fit different stair widths and also different doors. These are used primarily indoors and are made of steel, plastic or wood, with different sizes to fit your dog’s age, size and strength. To teach your dog to stay off specific areas, countertops, furniture and windowsills, room and surface barriers are the best form of indoor dog containment system. These training aids usually emit either a mild electric pulse or an alarm to reinforce your command for the dog to stay off. They also keep working while you are not at home, and help you keep specific rooms and furniture free from excessive dog hair.

Dog Containment Systems provides detailed information on Dog Containment Systems, Wireless Dog Containment Systems, Wire Dog Containment Systems, Indoor Pet Containment Systems and more. Dog Containment Systems is affiliated with Invisible Dog Fences.

Designer Breeds: Will You Remember Me?

Designer dogs have been around for many decades already. A once underground movement towards better breeds is becoming big business for those willing to experiment with the creation of designer mix breed dogs.

The designer dog club is spear headed by increasing numbers of celebrities and famous people are bringing their dogs into the limelight. And the picture is becoming increasingly bizarre.

You have most likely heard about the Labradoodle, Puggle or the Maltipoo. The variations that breeders are coming up with are increasingly strange. Ever wondered what a Shih Tzu and a Pomeranian would look like crossed? Your little Shih Pom would undoubtedly be tiny, cute and a loving companion â€" but what about all the various health risks that will become exaggerated with a cross such as this?

The experimentation doesn't seem to have any limits either.

What about a Puggle, Cock a Poo or Peke a Poo? Sound cute and adorable right? Shorkies, Pugaliers, Puggles, Schnoodles and English Boodles. Starting to sound like a bizarre nursery rhyme?

It's unfortunately much more than a cute collection of ideas about dog breeding. It's becoming an increasing problem as pseudo registries and organizations start taking the place of the widely recognized and respected more established club.

Unfortunately these fashionable dogs are all too often the result of exploitative breeding for profit.

People who buy these designer dogs are often told it’s unique. Many of these dogs have a genetic make-up that cannot be reproduced again. You can be guaranteed that your dog is unique, so unique that he probably won't even resemble his parents or litter mates.

And the wide range of health problems he might experience later in life will also be unique. Your Veterinarian won't have any prior list to consult when trying to diagnose your dog. Canine Medicine is tricky enough without adding the mix-breed wild card. If you buy a dog from an established breeding line you can be assured that your vet will have a long list of possible diseases that are common in the breed.

If you own a designer dog you cannot be certain of any of the kinds of qualities that he will grow up with. This can be likened to Russian roulette with dogs. One bad gene somewhere along the line your dog might have picked up some aggression or equally feared qualities.

If you have your heart set on a mixed breed dog then consider getting one at your local humane shelter; in reality you would be getting the same exact thing for a low few. Many of the fashionable mixes are now in pounds and shelters.

Unfortunately with mixed breed dogs you can never tell what kinds of health or behavioral problems might surface later in life. You can make an educated guess as to what kinds of disorders your dog is genetically predisposed to. By looking at the most common ailments of each of the parents you might be able to work out what kinds of illnesses your dog is likely to get.

Designer dogs are becoming more and more popular. One only needs to look at the amount of media attention these dogs are getting lately.

Dogs have been subject to various fashions throughout the ages. It is almost certain that many of the changes are going to make a difference to dogs as we know them today.

Who knows maybe one day nobody will even remember where the Puggle came from!

Article Source: http://www.articledashboard.com

Steve Allison is a third generation of professional dog breeders along with his brother Gary. It all started with his grandparents in 1970 with the Boston Terriers and has expanded to Maltese, Yorkshire Terriers, Pugs, Shih Tzu’s and Pomeranians. He is also actively involved with dog rescue and has a website that showcases the puppies they occasionally has for sale at All My Puppies Online Steve is also the co-author of two consumer guides, Carpet Secrets and Moving Secrets Guide

Hamster Care Requirements

Hamsters are the most popular rodents kept as pets. They are extremely easy to tame and take care of and are relatively inexpensive animals. Hamsters are a suitable pet for almost any household; children can even keep them!

There are many different types of hamsters: large, small, patterned, solid colored, longhaired and shorthaired. The most popular hamster is the Syrian. It is the largest variety and comes in either longhaired or shorthaired. The longhaired Syrian hamster is often called the "Teddy bear hamster". There is even a hairless Syrian! It also comes in many colors such as golden brown, white, cinnamon, cream, rust, gray, lilac, honey, yellow and black. An adult Syrian hamster reaches a length of six to eight inches.

The next most common hamster is the Dwarf Russian. It only reaches a length of three and a half to four and a half inches. The smallest hamster is the Roborovski. It is only two inches when full grown. The main difference between the Syrian hamster and other hamster species is that Syrian hamsters must be kept alone and the other species can be kept in groups. If Syrian hamsters are kept together, they will fight and can become seriously injured or even killed. You must keep only one Syrian in a cage.

You can buy hamsters at a pet shop or from a breeder. Make sure that the place you get it from spends lots of time with the hamsters and that they keep males and females separate. Hamsters can breed at a very young age so if you get a female hamster from a place that does not separate the males and females then you will probably be getting a pregnant hamster.

The hamster itself is usually very cheap. The cage and accessories make it more expensive. There are many types of hamster cages available at pet stores. Just make sure you get a cage enough space for the hamster to exercise and explore. The cage should also have a wheel in it so the hamster can get the activity it needs. When you get the cage, do not put it in direct sun or in a drafty place.

You will need to put shavings on the floor of the cage. Do not use cedar shavings because they contain oils that can hurt the hamster. Good materials for the shavings include pine, aspen, paper, or pulp. Your hamster will make its bed from the shavings so make sure you put enough in the cage for that.

There are many other types of accessories that you can buy for your hamster. Try to give some things made out of wood so your hamster will have something to chew on. This is good for their teeth. You will also need to provide food and water at all times. A water bottle works best for water because it will not be tipped over or get dirty like a water bowl will. There are many types of hamster food mixes that you can feed to your hamster. Just make sure that it is available all the time.

Once a week you should thoroughly clean the cage and change out the bedding. Make sure you clean all the toys and accessories as well. Rinse the cage completely so that no soap residue is left behind.

If you do these simple things, this will keep your hamster happy and healthy. They are very fun animals to watch and play with. They will surely keep you entertained!

Michael Russell Your Independent guide to Pet Care Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Michael_Russell

Designer Cat Collars : Give Style To Your Cat!

Designer cat collars come in all forms from floral, gem-stoned, personalized to even leather. Every cats different and had a personality all their own. Why should they look like all the other ones? Decide what type of personality your cat has or even what you want your cat to have and get her a designer cat collar today. Dorothy Bauer creates beautiful designer cat collars all by hand, making sure each piece will fit the cat it will belong too. Most of the collars are made from Swarovski Austrian Crystal in a variety of colors making each piece stand out on its own. Imagine your cat walking around in a 3 stranded collar made of crystals. If you can't picture that try a choker with her first initial, simple and elegant. Not only does she design collars for your cat but she provides beautiful charms to be attached to them. The prices range from $25 on up. If you like her creations for your dog you might even like it for yourself, that's right she makes jewelry for the human-kind too. Hand-sewn designer cat collar with Swarovski pearls and rhinestones will make your cat look like she's going out on a date and it's perfect for Valentine's day. Colors range from pink, black to red with little roses sewn onto the collar, rhinestones wrap around the neckline between the flowers adding to it's romantic look. Personalized designer cat collars are becoming a big hit, get your cat's name in rhinestones so she can proudly wear it around her neck. Lulu's leather cat collars are sleek and make your cat look smashing. These designer cat collars are one thin, leather strap with a small bell near the clasp. Each collar comes with a few different holes to make the collar fit to perfection and each one is made of high quality material. You'll be able to hear your cat coming with this designer cat collar. Find out which designer cat collar will look good on your feline, you won't be sorry.

Water Chemistry For The Discus Tank

Much has been written about the Discus, or Symphysodon aequifasciatus, its Latin name. The Discus has always been given a bad rap for being hard to raise and difficult to keep. Actually, these long-lived fishes are easy to keep as long as certain guidelines are followed.

Here, we discuss the different water parameters that MUST be followed if we are to insure that our Discus friends are kept happy and healthy.

Testing the Waters

Initially, you will need to test for chloramine and chlorine, pH, and alkalinity. If you are a city dweller, a lot of this information can be gotten from the city waterworks, and although a good idea to do so, I would not recommend that you rely exactly on this information. At anywhere from $275 to $425 for a breeding pair, an initial investment for a decent PH/TDS meter is well qualified. Currently at King Discus Hatchery, we use a Hanna Combo PH/TDS meter that measures in ppt (parts per trillion) for the most accurate reading of our tanks.

Determining the levels of pH and alkalinity in your base water is the first step in this process. Although some base water is quite good for the discus with little or no buffering, some water will need extensive conditioning before the first Discus can be introduced into the tank. Once you know the levels of PH and alkalinity, water chemistry tests should be conducted on a regular basis.

Test on a regular basis. When you are comfortable with this process, it is time to and add a few more tests to the battery of tests performed.

These tests will be for nitrite and nitrate, phosphate. In the planted tank, you will need to also test for iron and CO2. Test kits are very easy to use if instructions are followed to the letter. A particular number of drops of the testing reagent must always be accurate, following instructions on the test kit, or test results can be skewed. Test kits and probes available for the aquarium are quite inexpensive and easy to use, and can generally be bought at your local pet supply store, especially if they specialize in aquarium keeping.

Toxins in the Water Supply

Be aware that Chlorine or chloramine are routinely added to the water in many urban areas. Using a simple color test kit to determine the presence and concentration of either is very advisable. Removing these elements of chlorine or chloramine is a vital part of the process to properly condition your water. Conditioning is carefully adjusting the chemistry of the water to raise it to the parameters required for Discus keeping. Aging the water through carbon filtration (mechanical), aging the water, and proper aeration will be of benefit. Be aware, though, that aeration will not remove chloramine from your water. Chlorine can also be removed by adding prepared chlorine removers, but Nick Lockhart, the breeder for King Discus Hatchery, is not fond of using buffering agents. Constant water changes in the Discus tank will only leach these buffers, and then you are unsure of where your water chemistry is at. Nothing will harm the Discus more than wild fluctuations of PH. It is much more advisable to use reverse osmosis or deionization. We use RO, with a special Peat Moss filter to accomplish our parameters. The process of RO with fine tuned filtration of the RO water will remove virtually all toxins, but one must be aware that Discus cannot live in pure RO water, and steps must again be taken to insure proper levels of acidity/PH in the RO water. Chloramine is a combination of chlorine and ammonia, and some water companies need to use this for disinfection of the water supply.

If these simple tests are done on a regular basis, and care is taken to insure that there are no wild PH swings in the Discus tank, your success as a Discus breeder are much higher.

Alden Smith is a published author, and has been marketing on the internet for 7 years. His website, King Discus, is an active gathering place for discus breeders and lovers of discus fish. His wife Betsy is the administrator of All The Best Recipes a site rich in online recipes and cookbooks.

Canine Communication - the Early Years

Canine Communication and Body Language Part 2

Critical Periods
If we separated a human baby from all contact with other humans until it was five years old then that child would never learn the ability to speak or to empathise and converse comfortably. In most cases, it would be fearful and introverted. 0 to 5 years old is a critical learning period for humans. The old saying “give me the child and I will show you the man� holds more truth than we could ever imagine. We learn more during this period that at any other time in our lives. In relative terms 0 to 16 weeks is the equivalent in canine age.

Forget the old wives tale that one year of a human equates to seven in a dog. A far more accurate measurement is fifteen for the first year, ten for the second and five for every year thereafter (though it depends on the breed and size) If you therefore calculate 16 weeks, it comes out as 5 years in human years. This coincides with Scott and Fullers 20-year observations on the critical periods of puppy’s psychological growth.

Socialisation
I cannot emphasise enough the need to socialise you puppy during this vitally important period. There is a vaccination now available where the full course can be administered by ten weeks rather than the normal twelve, thereby allowing two extra weeks of socialisation. The vaccine is by Intervet and is called Nobivac D.H.P.P.I/L.

Get your pups to socialisation classes, it is not enough to allow them just to mix with adult dogs they learn the all-important body language much quicker by being in the company of younger as well as older dogs. Nearly all the cases I deal with that involves interdog fear or aggression relates to lack of early socialisation during the critical 0 to 16 weeks.

The good news is that unlike humans, dogs can learn to communicate after this vital period though they will never be fluent; they can learn to cope given time and lots of patience.

Stress
All animals including humans suffer stress at some time in their life, to some extent it is part of the survival instinct, it floods the body with adrenalin pumping the muscles up allowing us to decide whether to fight freeze or flight.

Dogs have a powerful set of body postures that alleviate stress and diffuse potentially threatening situations, the shake, as if shedding water is one way of alleviating stress. We do not always see the signs such as dilated pupils, restless pacing, scratching, panting, loss of appetite, sudden dandruff and sweating. Most people think dogs sweat through their tongues by panting; this is a cooling system but has nothing to do with sweating. Dogs only sweat through their paws so damp footprints can also be a sign.

Aggression
When we approach a dog that is either fearful or control complex aggressive aka dominant, we can often tell by body language if they are likely to attack. Look for balance, if the weight and balance is on the front foot and it is leaning forward at the shoulders and is making hard eye contact then it normally means business. If the balance however is on the back feet and the eyes are darting away and it is yawning or licking, then unless cornered or challenged it is unlikely to just attack out of the blue.

If we also put our weight on our back foot, we can often diffuse a potentially dangerous situation. Weight and balance are magnified in a dog’s mind, they are always looking for the subtle nuances in our body language, and this is especially true of a nervous dog. I was at a clients recently, when I leaned slightly back putting the weight on my back foot the dog approached, when I transferred the weight to my front the dog moved away.

Many people believe that if the hackles are up this is a sign of aggression. This is not always the case, a dog that is excited can raise its hackles, its actual intentions will be apparent depending on the approach, if it curves round coming in from the side and sniffs the ground as it approaches than its intentions are normally peaceful. If it comes in face on stiff legged and circling then it could be a prequel to aggression.

Appeasement Gestures
Lets look at meeting and greeting, as one dog approaches another you will see a wide range of reactions. Some dogs will lie down almost flat to the ground we often see this in Border Collies. Some will lie and slightly roll over averting there eyes this is a submissive but friendly gesture The ones that lay down but in a Sphinx position head erect and body and tail upright are signalling to the other dog that they are confident and high ranking but are friendly and its ok to approach.

Others will yawn, circle slowly but not stiff legged, sniff the ground and allow eyes to constantly dart these look then look away again this is also a non-threatening approach. Others will stand off and await the other dog to approach so they can observe the approaching dogs intentions before deciding whether to greet. Just standing still can appease nervous dogs, lifting a paw up and down is another gesture I often see this signal to both dogs and humans, blinking eyes is a also diffuser of aggression that we can also use. Couple this with yawning averting our head and licking our lips and you can often calm a nervous or aggressive dog.

Clients often tell me that their aggressive dog dislikes black or dark dogs, and they cannot understand why? It is simple really; they cannot read the intent on a very black background therefore they are unable to react to the calming signals. I am occasionally told that some dogs are racist to coloured people; Dogs cannot be racist unlike humans they have no moral or racial preconceptions, this form of aggression is simply because they cannot distinguish features and intent on a darker background and may become fearful or aggressive because of that.

Rank
I am not of the school of thought that thinks there are no such things as dominant dogs. It appears that it now politically incorrect to use this word to describe a dog’s position or state of mind. If we agree the fact that dogs have submissive tendencies then the antonym (exact opposite) of submission is dominance. If we accept that like many other creatures’ dogs do have levels of status, then status brings in rank and therefore control and dominance. I am well aware that the word dominance is vastly overused and in many cases is blamed for almost all canine problems, but to suggest that there are no dominant tendencies in some dogs psyche is to my mind mistaken and an exercise in semantics.

Having said that I am constantly told that this or that dog is displaying dominant aggression. In fact quite the opposite is mainly the case. The confident and high-ranking dog has no need for aggression. Its body language and controlled air shows all who can read the signs that this is not a dog to mess with. The wolf pack rarely has a need for actual aggression it is mainly stylised posturing that allows the hierarchy to exist peacefully. Generally, fear and lack of controlled early socialisation, causes most aggression based behavioural problems, that and our inability to read the clear signals that our pets are constantly beaming to us.

In conclusion, we need to watch and learn dog speak, write down the signals your pet gives and in what context it was used. With practice and given time, you should find yourself able to communicate and signal back, this will benefit both you and your dog and will result in a stronger bond and understanding of each other’s needs resulting in a relaxed and pleasant relationship.

Stan Rawlinson
© September 05

Stan Rawlinson Dip MTCBPT. PAACT
Dog Behaviourist and Obedience Trainer, who has owned and worked dogs for over 25 years, starting with gundogs then moving to the behavioural and obedience side of training companion dogs. He now has a successful practice covering Greater London, Surrey, and Middlesex.

Stan is recommended by numerous Vets, Rescue Centres, and Charities. He writes articles and comments on behavioural issues and techniques for dog magazines including Our Dogs, Dogs Monthly, K9 Magazine, Shooting Times, Pet Talk and Pet Owner Magazine. He is also a behavioural spokesman for Disney and has appeared on Television, Radio and in National Newspapers on many occassions

© Stan Rawlinson Telephone: 0208 979 2019 Mobile Number: 07976 153161 E-mail:enquiries@doglistener.co.uk

Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Breed Profile

History The title of "King Charles Spaniel" was bestowed upon these dogs during the reign of King Charles II, who adored his spaniels and would not be parted from them. A law that was passed by King Charles II, still stands today that these little dogs can enter any public place, including the houses of parliament! These little dogs were used to warm the laps of nobility on carriage rides and in cold castles and buildings, so they really are the original "lap dog". Appearance Cavalier's are pretty little dogs, with long flowing coats with long flowing feathers on their legs and beautiful long ears (I'd recommend tying the ears back out of the way at dinner time!!) They have very long, flowing coats and come in a number of colours; Black and Tan, Ruby (Rich red whole colour), Blenheim (chestnut and white), Tricolour (Black and white evenly spaced with tan markings) Both dogs and bitches should stand between 30 - 33cm. Temperament These are very happy, friendly dogs; they walk around with their head and tail held high. They are not nervous dogs and will welcome friends and strangers alike. They like to be close to their people and will take every opportunity to sit on your lap or lie next to you in bed and fall asleep! They are patient and get along well with children and other dogs and animals; they make wonderful family pets, and also make an excellent companion for the elderly. Grooming Cavaliers require a moderate amount of grooming because of their long coats. A quick brush after walkies may be needed, because their flowing coats tend to pick up debris along the way! Long flowing ears mean that care should be taken at feeding time or they get covered in dinner! Exercise Cavaliers certainly enjoy their walks, and require a moderate amount of exercise. They relish the opportunity to get out and meet other people and dogs. They will trot happily along beside you, head held high, taking in the sights and sounds! Health Problems Cavaliers are prone to heart murmurs, although generally lead a healthy, active life with this condition. They can also suffer from slipping knee joints ( subluxating patellas); the dogs weight should be kept under control to reduce the potential problems caused by this condition. If it does lead to the knee popping out of its joint, surgery will be required. Cavaliers also have the highest incidence of any breed of Mitral Valve Disease. A defect in the mitral valve (one of the 4 heart valves) causes backflow of blood into the left atrium, or mitral regurgitation. Less commonly, a narrowing of the valve can be identified. Because of the leaky valve, the heart is less efficient at pumping blood to the body.