The Japanese Chin: Regal Dog of Japan

There are two theories about the origin of the Japanese Chin. The first is that this is a dog that was first developed from the Pekingese Dogs which were given as gifts to the Japanese Imperial Court by the Chinese and the second is that the breed came from a gift of dogs presented to the Japanese Courts by the Korean Imperial Palace. However it came to be, the Japanese are the people responsible for the present day appearance of this little lap dog. The Chin is quite similar to the Pekingese, especially in the facial structure. One can imagine a Pekingese without the extensive ruff and hair coat around the face and the similarities (at least in the head) are quite apparent. There is the same bracocyphalic facial structure and the same large eye and long fringes on the ear but there the resemblance ends for the Japanese Chin does not have the great long fringes of hair and huge ruff around the head which one finds on the Pekingese. The Chin has a much sparser coat on the body, is longer of leg and finer of bone that the Pekingese.

The Japanese Chin was introduced into England by Commodore Perry, who brought a pair to the court of Queen Victoria in 1853. By 1880 the breed was entered into the show circuits of Great Britain and has been a popular show dog and pet since that time. The American and European dog show fancy took a bit more time for acceptance and until the dog was admitted into the American Kennel club in 1977, the breed was called the Japanese Spaniel.

The Japanese Chin is always either black and white or red and white. The long silky coat is single and does have a mane on the neck and shoulders, which is slightly stand off in nature. The legs are fine of bone and have feathering only on the upper portions. This little dog should look both delicate and regal. The dog is accepted in two sizes, over 7 pounds or under, the rule being that the smaller, the better. The length of the body should be equal to the height at the withers.

The dog has a tendency to develop patella luxation, a condition of "slipping kneecap" which is often present in toy breeds. Because of the prominence of the large eyes, care should be taken that they are not scratched in play and the eyes should be inspected regularly, as with the pekingese breed. Other than these cautions, the little dog is essentially quite healthy.

The Japanese Chin is an active and playful little dog with a joy for life. When one has a group of them in the household they play incessantly and get along famously, a characteristic of this breed is that they are not dog aggressive nor aggressive to other creatures, being quite friendly and forgiving in nature. Many people have become devotees of the breed because it is such an adaptable house pet and requires little in the way of lavish attention, being content to occupy itself and being rather aloof in nature, more like a cat than a dog. This is a breed that does not make a good kennel dog in any respect however, for it still needs to be "lord of the household" and will not tolerate the conditions of isolation as a kennel dog.

Michael Russell Your Independent guide to Dogs Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Michael_Russell

Understanding Psychology Of Dog Training: Pack Behavior & Establishing Control

Dogs are descendent of wolves. To study the psychology of dog training and understand the pack hierarchal system of dogs, we must go back and examine their ancestor - wolves.

Wolves live naturally in packs of at least 2 and more... They live in a dictatorship system with strictly defined hierarchies of males and females. In their system, a leader - usually always a male, the biggest and toughest wolf also known as alpha leader would be in charge of the pack and will have the right to everything. The rest of the dogs in the pack would be followers and follow their leader willingly. This hierarchy system is not static and would change when another dominant member challenge the leader's authority and win.

For your dog, your family is the pack and every member is part of the hierarchy system. From the moment a new puppy or dog is introduce to the family, the new dog will start to pick up signals and indicators to figure out his own status in the family and who’s in charge. If your dog see you as a "alpha leader", he will follow your commands willingly and this will allows you to train him easily.

On the other hand, if your dog is very dominant (because you allow him to pick up the wrong signals) and starts to challenge your "alpha leader" position, he may refuse to follow your command and turn aggressive against you easily. This situation usually happens in children where dogs see their chain of command higher than that of them. This also explains why children suffer more dog bites than adults do.

If you would prefer to own an obedient dog that pay attention to your command, assuming the role of the “alpha leader’ and establishing control over your dog is extremely important!

Your dog must learn that he is the lowest ranking in the family, subordinate to you, to the children, and must recognize you to be the leader. If such hierarchy is not set up properly, the dog will try to take charge and assume the role of the leader. This’ll eventually lead the dog to turn into “dominant dog” and thus tend to misbehave. If this happens, you’ll face an uphill task to properly train your dog.

As we live in a democratic society, most of us will find it hard to understand the dog’s concept of dictatorship. Nevertheless, it is necessary that we adjust ourselves to understand how the dog live and think. By being dictating, you would think that this is cruel or even inhumane to the dog. If you think so, you are very wrong!

In fact, dogs are more than happy to be a follower and taking instructions from a leader. You have to give your dog directions, organize his space and activities for him, and he’ll be more clued-up and know his boundaries of life, which means knowing what is expected of him when he’s indoor or outdoor.

Your dog will be able to lead a less stressful and happy life and so will you.

Moses Chia is a dog lover and owner of DogsObedienceTraining.com â€" The resource site for dog obedience training tips and dog obedience training books review. You are welcome to reprint this article if you keep the content and live link intact.

Puppy Training that is Safe for Your Puppy

Puppy training can and should begin the day you bring your puppy home, but only if it’s approached in a safe manner for your puppy and his sensitivities. Housetraining your puppy can be a rewarding and non-stressful experience when you shape behavior from a series of positive experiences, instead of attempting to correct unwanted behaviors before your puppy has a chance to learn what you DO want.

Trying to teach your dog what NOT to do is not conducive to healthy, reliable learning. Your puppy must have the opportunity to learn the behaviors that you DO want which will be incompatible with behaviors that you don't want.

Never say, "No" or yell the word "Nooo!" if your dog doesn't understand something while training, and/or fails to perform on cue. Simply try the exercise again and if that doesn't work, go back to a previous step. Many times you will need to settle for rewarding just a partial behavior and work up in steps from there until the whole behavior is performed.

Here's an example. You catch your dog chewing your $90 shoes. By running over and screaming, “No!” you've done one of two things:

1. You've either rewarded him for chewing by giving him attention; this is especially true if you give chase while he’s running with your shoes; or

2. You've scared the bejeebers out of him and he learns that it's not safe to relieve stress and/or sore teeth and gums when you are present. Therefore he must do it when you're gone in order to keep himself safe and not upset you. The dog has no malice in these actions, he's just following instinct.

This applies to crate training as well, (if the crate is introduced and used appropriately), in that it can prevent accidents from happening during the housetraining process while repeatedly giving your puppy the opportunity to be successful at eliminating outdoors. His repeated success builds his confidence and instills in his mind that the outdoors is the only place to even consider eliminating.

This kind of housetraining is not based on fear, which inhibits the learning proccess but on repeated successes. This makes the desired behavior more reliable and the puppy more confident and able to learn.

Training your puppy using positive reinforcement and other healthy behavior shaping techniques insures that his puppy training will not negatively affect his personality. This type of healthy interaction with your puppy during his first year will enable you to build a cooperative bond and to have a well mannered but confident companion by the time he reaches maturity.

Kathleen Amaro is the owner of http://www.puppy-potty-training.com.

Her instantly downloadable ebook 25 Secrets to Raising the Perfect Puppy, not only tells you how to raise the perfect puppy, but how to get him perfectly potty trained using only positive and healthy puppy training techniques.

Treating Dog Arthritis With Natural Supplements

Dog arthritis is one of the most common diseases that affect canines; especially large breed dogs (60-90 lbs) the best thing you can do is to prevent the occurrence of this disease with the appropriate supplements when your dog is 4 or 5 years old and not wait until symptoms show, but if your dog is already presenting symptoms and/or pain you should consider the option of natural treatment for your pet’s condition.

Osteoarthritis in dogs (or just dog arthritis) can be treated effectively with natural supplements that are as effective as commonly prescribed drugs and much safer because of the less risk of side effects. Prescribed drugs may relieve pain, but they also can cause further degeneration of your dog's joints and health, which could include, damage to the liver, kidneys, muscles and gastrointestinal bleeding, among others.

Just as human arthritis, dog arthritis tends to get worse with age, and you can find some senior dog food formulas that claim to contain glucosamine and chondroitin, both of them are supplements used to prevent and treat dog arthritis, but in the majority of cases, the amount included is not enough to do any difference in your dog’s symptoms. So, probably the best option is to feed your dog regular dog food and back that up with a supplement. Below you will find some of the most effective supplement used for the treatment of arthritis in dogs.

Herbal Glucosamine Blend, which is one of the most comprehensive canine muscle and joint support formulations available today, it includes Glucosamine HCl, MSM and Vitamins B1, B2, B6 and C, along with a proprietary herbal blend of Yucca, Devil's Claw, White Willow, Meadowsweet and Alfalfa.

Glucosamine is essential for the formation of joint cartilage and synovial fluid, MSM, has an anti-inflammatory effect slows the progression of arthritis and relieves pain.

Alfalfa and Yucca extract, a combination of five time-honored herbs for chronic rheumatic conditions it also includes Burdock, Licorice, and Shepherd's Purse. This extract is designed to help the body cope with the pain, swelling, and stiffness of arthritis and rheumatism while maintains the tone of the liver and kidneys to help eliminate excess waste materials and water from the joints.

Ortho-Flex Joint Ease Supplement for dogs this formula is a supplement for muscle, ligament, tendon, cartilage, and bone problems. It does not only to help in the relief of pain, but to also treat the underlying problem. It really helps older animals. This formula contains Chondroitin Sulfate, which is used to help dogs with joint conditions and arthritis.

The benefits of using natural, organic pet products are in the preventive measure, you want a healthy pet with a longer lifespan, but also an enhanced quality of life, there's no use on living longer if the quality of life is not good, holistic pet care, will provide a better quality of life for your pet and ultimately will save you money with less visits to the veterinarian, bills and prescriptions.

Mariangie Gonzalez has a major in Animal Science and Pre-Veterinary and runs the day-to-day operations of her home-based business and website in which you can learn how homeopathic remedies could prolong and improve your pet’s life. She can also help you start your own home-based 100% natural pet supplies business, you can visit online at: http://www.MindBodyAndPaw.com

Choosing The Right Cat or Kitten For You

So many benefits can be obtained from choosing the right cat or kitten, but it can be a difficult choice. So they may experience the pleasures of growth, many people choose to adopt a kitten. Others will choose an adult cat, because they do not have the tolerance, patience and energy to deal with the training involved with owning a kitten, i.e. litter training, furniture climbing and the curious nature of all kittens. Also, since adult cats are less likely to be adopted than their cuter counter-parts, some people will choose a cat instead. There are definitely pros and cons regarding both.

The advantages of a kitten, is that you get to have the pleasure of watching them grow and mature. Kittens have quite an amusing curiosity. The bonds formed when a kitten is young, can be quite strong. The kitten's medical history is known somewhat by you, since the kitten has been in your presence for the most part. You get to have the pleasure to enjoy more years with them. You know their age. Kittens tend to adjust better with other pets that you may already have.

The advantages of a cat, is that they are already litter trained, a huge plus. Adult cats are calmer and they are less likely to destroy your favorite sofa and curtains. Cats may already be spayed or neutered. They can be left alone without too much stress and since they probably already know the outside dangers of the home, they are less likely to get into trouble. The biggest advantage to adopting a cat is that you're probably saving a life.

When trying to decide between a long- or short-haired cat, keep in mind the grooming that a long-haired cat requires. Though they may be quite beautiful, they can not keep up with their own coats and you'll need to groom them daily. A semi-longhaired cat also needs to be groomed, but probably only a few times a week. So, you're best bet, to keep from doing all that grooming is to choose a short-haired cat.

If choosing the sex of a cat comes into question, always remember to choose a cat of the opposite sex if you already have a cat, this will limit sexual competition. Also remember, if you have cats of the opposite sex, make sure you have them spayed or neutered.

Depending on if you want one cat or kitten or more, there are advantages and disadvantages in that area as well.

Advantages consist of the kittens having each other for company; so of course, they may not require as much attention from you. The interaction between kittens can be quite amusing. If you decide to get another cat down the road, introducing them to the other cats will be less complicated.

Disadvantages with multiple cats or kittens, is the amount of trouble they can get into together. The cost of owning multiple cats is more. The care and grooming is multiplied. If one of the cats happens to pass away, it can greatly affect the others. Think thoroughly about which cat or kitten may be the right choice for you. After you obtain your feline companion, you'll have many years to enjoy together.

Michael Russell Your Independent guide to Cats

Outdoor With Your Dog

The outdoors provides a fresh and interesting environment to keep your pet's mind active, alert, and off of behavior you'd rather not see. We know that spending time with our pets outdoors is important for dogs, but who doesn't need a little extra exercise ourselves? Here's a few ideas for stimulating activities you can share with your canine companion:

• Take a Walk - This is a great, low impact way to enjoy some time outside with your dog. In fact, daily walks are recommended for most dogs as a minimum element of their exercise routine (and people too). Walks give your pup a chance to meet new friends in the neighborhood, stimulate her senses, and relieve herself. Any time you take your dog outside the yard, remember to use a lead or leash, and make sure she is wearing a comfortable collar with name & ID tag.

It's common courtesy to clean up after your dog, especially during walks around the neighborhood. Waste cleanup doesn't have to be a dirty job anymore. In addition to the scoopers and rakes you may use to clean up your yard, there are a variety of biodegradable scoop bags you can use to neatly pick up and dispose of dog mess.

• Backyard/Park Fetch - Whether you play in your yard, or take your dog to a local park, there's nothing more fun than a good old game of fetch. It taps into their instinct to hunt and retrieve, and they look forward to the reward of returning to a happy owner again and again. There's a whole variety of fetch toys available to replace the soggy tennis ball many of us remember. Another spin on the old favorite is Air Dog Toys, made of durable tennis ball material but shaped like bones, donuts, and sticks on a rope. For dogs that love to leap and snatch toys right out of the air.

• Soft Bite Floppy Discs, Gumabone Discs, and Nylabone Frisbees make great flyers.

• Hiking Adventure - If your dog likes a little cross country action, take him on a nature hike. Like any walk, we recommend bringing along a leash or retractable grip lead to ensure he doesn't stray too far. Hiking through wooded trails or tall grass exposes them to a few more dangers than a stroll down a sidewalk - fleas & ticks, sharp rocks and twigs, the unexpected downpour - but there are several products designed to protect your dog from these outdoor elements. Before hiking in the woods, consider getting your canine a flea & tick collar or using a long-acting repellent treatment like Frontline®, which our veterinarians consider one of the most convenient methods of flea & tick control.

Just as we slip on our hiking shoes and jacket before heading out, dogs too, need to protect themselves from the elements. You never know if the trail has sharp rocks, sun-hot asphalt, or the occasional shard of broken glass, but luckily there are dog boots available for almost any size or breed. They slip on comfortably right over all four paws and Velcro securely in place. Be sure to clip your dog's nails before a hike to protect them from getting caught in boots.

For long hikes on hot days, keep in mind that dogs and puppies need plenty of water to prevent heat exhaustion and dehydration. Be sure to keep a water source handy, such as a collapsible bowl or water bottle with folding reservoir.

• Water Sports, Anyone? Those of us who own a retriever or labrador know that on a hot day, it's hard to keep them out of that nearby pond, lake, or stream. No matter what the breed, water sports are a great way to cool down your dog as the temperature heats up, and now it's safer than ever to let your pooch go for a swim. Many of the fetch toys mentioned earlier also come in waterproof, buoyant models, such as the Floatable Gumabone Disc, or Neoprene Water Toys, available in an assortment of shapes like rings, barbells, and footballs.

Just as you would with any member of your family, consider water safety if you like to take your best friend out boating with you. While many dogs are natural swimmers, you may still want to bring along a coast-guard approved pet life preserver to keep your dog's head above water without restricting his movement or breathing.

• Dog Agility Parks/Trails - More and more communities are offering dog agility parks and trails, which feature various courses specifically designed to give your dog a fun and challenging workout. Canines leap hurdles, climb ramps, balance narrow bridges, and navigate their way through various obstacles. Many parks also offer classes for beginners to acclimate both dog and owners to the equipment. This is a growing new sport recommended for the active and fearless dog in your life.

With the warm days of summer upon us, we encourage you to provide your pet with more outdoor time and exercise during the coming months. Exercise is critical to your pet's physical health, and the stimulation from the sights and sounds of the outdoors is excellent for your pet's mental health.

Mike Steele

http://www.dog.com/

Proper Training for Dogs

Thus Dogs training needs to begin at the very early stage when the tender puppies are welcomed at your home. The training could be successfully started by teaching them key words like their names, yes and no to make them react according to your stimuli. These days group classes for dogs training are available all over and skilled trainers provide training to them. So if affordable send them to these classes.

Dogs’ training demands you to be very meticulous in planning lesson programme for them. It should not be too rigorous for tinier pups that are in formative stage of their lives. The famous proverb is fit to quote here that slowly and steady wins the race. Learning load could be gradually increased as the dogs mature. But there are certain dogs that take time to attain maturity so more dogs training is required in their case.

Taking dogs out on a walk is not only beneficial to their physical fitness but also for their behavioural customisation. Outing brings them in contact with other breeds as much as to different surroundings which require them to react more seemingly. If no outing is provided they might receive shock at sudden encounters with those breeds and set ups and eventually cause or receive damages.

Most dogs training programmes include playing with good, lasting and chemical safe chewy toys which keep them amusing for longer span of time and refreshe them when feeling fed up of loneliness. This at the same time inculcates in them a habit not to chew costly foot-wears or other leather made households.

Teaching dogs how to greet is an important item of Dogs training. They need to learn not to leap up to the visitors with their dirty paws leaving dirty and filthy impressions on their dry-cleaned cloths. Therefore one should not applause his puppy when it jumps at others rather fire it. But as and when it keeps itself footed on ground one should never miss opportunity to appreciate it. This encourages it and breeds love.

Dogs’ training also emphasises to teach your puppy to go out to ease its bowls and not to mess in the living rooms. You need to define a place that it will use as its toilet and ask it to move there as soon as you think it is feeling uneasy. Initially you have to watch it at its timings but eventually it will learn to go there by itself.

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Doggie Food: Tips On Good Nutrition for Your Dog

If you have a dog of your own you will know that a full tummy doesn't nearly cover the whole process of deciding which dog food to buy.

Your dog is your best friend, you will want him to live the fullest, happiest life that he can. Feeding him the best food will not only ensure that he is healthy and happy, but has a shiny coat and lively tail too.

Many of our spoiled pets become fussy. It's a natural progression from being fussed over so much. If you have fussy dogs, like me, you will know how guilt laden mealtimes can become.

You want to give your dog the best advantage in life; why not consider cooking some specially prepared meals just for your dog. Whilst it is true that many owners can provide their dogs with adequate nutrition on a vegetarian diet, this is tricky and time consuming to accomplish. Buying a medium quality dog food and adding some extra goodness should be sufficient.

One of the best ways to ensure your dog is receiving optimum nutrition whilst living on medium quality pet food is to add some kind of nutritional supplement. This can ensure good nutrition at all times. One such proven source is NuVet.

A news release, Chattanooga, TN with Calvin Sneed (Consumer Advocate) reported a breeder in Tennessee got caught in the Diamond Dog food recall and 12 out of 14 dogs died. However the 2 that didn’t die were on NuVet. You can only buy this product from breeder referral. 1-800-474-7044. Referral number is 75855.

Read the labels of any dog food you buy carefully. Any of the foods you buy should contain turkey, beef, chicken or any other animal by-product to keep your dog looking healthy and glossy.

If you are changing your dog’s diet you are vulnerable to guilt-treating practices. Don't overcompensate for your dog’s fussiness. The quickest way your dog will learn to appreciate a new dog food is to be forced to make do with what is served up at mealtimes. Don't give treats or snacks because your dog isn't eating. This just encourages fussy eating and perpetuates the cycles of fussiness again. Be firm.

If you are trying to incorporate some home cooked goodness into your dog’s life you might need to include rice, corn, oatmeal or wheat. These are all excellent sources of carbohydrates. You will need to keep in mind that most of your dog’s most valuable proteins come from meat. Whilst many say that dogs are omnivores â€" they are still partially carnivorous.

If you have a dog be sure NEVER to give them the following:

• Chocolate

• Raw fish or eggs

• Onions

• Tomatoes

With careful attention and some patience you can revolutionize your dog’s diet. And hopefully help him live a long and healthy life.

Steve Allison is a third generation of professional dog breeders along with his brother Gary. It all started with his grandparents in 1970 with the Boston Terriers and has expanded to Maltese, Yorkshire Terriers, Pugs, Shih Tzu’s and Pomeranians. He is also actively involved with dog rescue and has a website that showcases the puppies they occasionally has for sale at All My Puppies Online Steve is also the co-author of two consumer guides, Carpet Secrets and Moving Secrets Guide

Could Your Dog Be a Sports Star?

Dogs were traditionally working animals. They would have expected to be active all day, every day. However, in these modern days a dog's life can often be confined to indoors and with very few physical activities. Dogs are animals that need exercise on a regular basis; in fact it should be daily. There are many reasons for this. For example, it can help to control the dog's weight its appetite. It can also help to insure good quality mental health as well. If you do not provide for the dog's daily exercise, she will likely find it in her own way, which may be a destructive manner. A dog that is bored is one the can become destructive digging up the yard and chewing on shoes. But, when you take this energy that the dog has and apply it correctly through various toys and exercise, great things can happen. One game of catch a day is not enough exercise for your pet. Quantity and quality are quite important. For example, you can provide your pet with a daily walk. If you do so at the same time of the day each day, the pet will begin to look forward to it. And, take them to someplace different as often as possible. This will help your pet to explore with his senses. It is also a special time of bonding between you and your pet. Take your pet to a dog park where the leash can come off and he or she can do some socializing with other animals. Sports for dogs? Did you know that dog's can do sports as well? There are many things that you can teach your dog to do that will be fun to play and provide them with the exercise that they need. For example, Frisbees are a great choice as is flyball and agility. There are Frisbee competitions that your dogs can participate in. In this case, you'll see pets flying into the air to catch the Frisbee that an adult is throwing. You may see the dog twist and jump at the same time. In fact, some of them are choreographed routines that are nothing short of amazing but they are fun and exercising for the pet. Flyball is another choice. Here, there is team play. Four dogs per team take turns running through a course. They may have hurdles in them as well. When the dog completes the course, he will trigger a box to will force a tennis ball into the air. The dog catches it and races back through the course again. Then, once the dog gets through, the next team mate goes. A team will win based on time and the fewest errors. Agility is another sport for dogs. Here, the dog is to run through an obstacle course. The goal is to be done in the fastest amount of time. In this sport, though, the owner will run alongside the dog encouraging it over the hurdles and other obstacles. The goal is for the dog to obey the owner's commands and directions. A good doggie workout will include things like tunnels, see-saws and a wide variety of jumps. All of these sports allow for the exercise of the dog as well as the mental fitness he needs as well. Alternatives to sports? Not sure if the sport is right for you? You can keep your dog going by giving him toys that will help to stimulate not only exercise but also mental challenges. For example a dog puzzle places a treat for the dog into a hollow container that he will have to work off to get to the treat. Through nosing it around and rolling it, the dog gets the treat and the reward.

Wireless Dog Fences

The wireless dog fence is a new addition to pet containment systems. It is more effective than other types of fence systems. As this type of dog fence has no wires to bury its installation procedures are simple and easy.

A wireless dog fence uses single transmitters or multiple transmitters. The first step to install a wireless dog fence is to plug in the transmitter. As these transmitters are capable of producing radio signals that can penetrate walls and other household obstacles, they can be positioned in any suitable location of your home. The dog wears a pet-collar that produces a warning beep when it comes near the boundary. The collar applies a mild electric shock if your pet still continues to cross the boundary area. The containment area is adjusted by using a small dial.

The two most important types of wireless dog fences e are the outdoor wireless dog fence (instant fence) and indoor wireless dog fence. The instant fence features a waterproof receiver, six adjustable levels of correction, portability and a low battery indicator light. Indoor wireless dog fenced also offer safety and portability. In this type of containment system, a transmitter in the shape of a disk is placed in the area you want protected. Dog mat is a special type of training pad that is used to train your pets to protect them from prohibited areas.

Most of the online authorized retailers of dog fences offer free shipping services to their customers. Some of the retailers also provide a warranty and money back guarantee for their products.

Dog Fences provides detailed information on Dog Fences, Electric Dog Fences, Invisible Dog Fences, Wireless Dog Fences and more. Dog Fences is affiliated with Wire Dog Containment Systems.

Royal (Ball) Python Care (Python regius)

Royal pythons have become an extremely popular pet snake, particularly in the last decade. With the proper care, the reward of keeping these beautiful snakes is enormous, but I would like to stress that many individual specimens can be very fussy feeders. For that reason alone I believe this species is not an ideal beginners snake.

Royal Pythons are one of the most common snake species seen in Rescue Centres around the UK. The reason for this, is that most of the royal pythons bought each year are either wild caught or captive farmed individuals. Captive farming is when gravid or ‘pregnant’ females are captured and then kept in captivity until they lay their eggs. The females are then usually released and the eggs are incubated. The babies are then exported. Very rarely will they be fed until they reach their destination. Importers and wholesalers of reptiles have become better over the years, and will feed the babies several times before they are sold. Many however, are sold without ever having a meal. Being virtually from the wild, they have very strong basic instinct, and taking dead mice as prey is not something they will be used to. I hope the following care sheet will help guide you through the right steps in caring for your royal python.

Housing

When keeping any snake as a pet, you generally want to be able to view the snake from the outside of its enclosure, in the most natural surroundings you can offer. This will be more aesthetically pleasing and also aid in the general condition of the snake. If the snake likes its surroundings, it will have a better feeding response and generally grow quicker. A larger vivarium also offers more interest to the python’s life, and by adding branches and other natural products you will enhance the quality of life the snake has, and stop it from becoming lethargic and overweight. Also, being stronger it should have more of a resistance to any viral infections or any other problems that it may encounter later in life.

For an adult Royal python, a vivarium 90cm Length x 45cm Width x 45cm Height is ample. Contrary to popular belief, and propaganda spread by various campaigners, you can actually have too large of an enclosure, especially for royal pythons. The reason for this, is that they are very prone to stress, and being in an excessively large enclosure can scare them. Imagine in the wild they are constantly hiding from predators, then, when they feel it’s safe in the dark of night, they will venture out to hunt for food. Once they find their food, they will return to the safety of their secure hiding place until the next time around. They may also leave their den for sloughing their skin or finding a mate at certain times of the year. If however, your royal python is behaving normally and feeds regularly; trying a larger enclosure can only be a good thing. Providing the snake does all this, than bigger is better.

Hatchling royal pythons should be placed into a smaller enclosure. It should be no longer than the length of the snake, and must have at least two hiding areas. When the snake is first purchased, it is a good idea to cover over the cage with something dark. This will keep the snake as stress free as possible. This can then be removed once the snake has eaten its first meal.

Snake enclosures can be made from a number of materials. Most commonly used is a melamine coated wood which covers all sides except the front, which has glass sliding doors. Aquariums can too be used, although a specialist lid should be bought or made rather than the original aquarium lid. It is essential when thinking about what type of enclosure you use, you think about these 6 ‘SSSHHH’ factors:

1) Safety â€" Can the snake or owner injure itself from the enclosure or any appliances held within?
2) Secure â€" Can the snake escape through any small hole or cavity?
3) Size â€" Will the enclosure be appropriately sized?
4) Heating â€" Is the enclosure able to regulate the temperature enough?
5) Humidity â€" Will the enclosure last well in humid conditions?
6) Hygienic â€" Will the enclosure build up a lot of bacteria in small cavities? Is it easy to clean?

By following the steps above, you can have a suitable enclosure made from a variety of materials.

Decor

Décor in your tank serves two purposes. First being extra cover for your snake, second making the vivarium more aesthetically pleasing. When choosing décor, think about the safety of the snake. Make sure that whatever you decide to use, it is securely fixed and that no rocks, wood or anything heavy can fall and possibly injure, or even kill the snake. You must also make sure that everything used is parasite free. If anything has been picked up from outside, or has originally come from outside, such as cork bark, you should either boil it, or place the item in the oven at 200 degrees Fahrenheit for approximately 30 minutes. Freezing works for some parasites, however others have been known to survive months in freezing conditions. Some parasites found in English conditions last winters in minus temperatures, so it is not entirely effective.

Once all your décor is parasite free, it is then safe to place inside your enclosure. As a general rule, if you can put pressure on an item to knock it down, an adult royal python is also capable of doing this. When positioning rocks or heavy objects, make sure they are completely secure. If it is still uneasy, screw them or use superglue to fix them securely. If it is not possible, the rule is simple: Do not place the item in the vivarium!

If you decide to go for a large enclosure, you must provide plenty of cover and hiding areas. A hiding place can be anything from an ice cream tub with a hole cut out to a naturalistic piece of cork bark. There are many brands of fake plants and décor you can use which is both safe for the animal and pleasing to the eye. Cork bark is available from almost any reptile pet shop in the UK, and can be ordered in if they do not have it in stock. This is excellent cover for any reptile and is 100% natural. One thing you must consider when thinking about the size of the vivarium, is the bigger you go, the more hiding areas you must provide. I recommend at least one hiding place per foot in length of the enclosure.

NOTE: Never use sticky tape in an enclosure; this is an accident waiting to happen. Believe me; removing sticky tape from any snake is no easy task!

Heating

Royal pythons require a thermal gradient, meaning they must be allowed to move around the enclosure to find their required temperature. The hot end of the enclosure should be 88-90ºF while the cool end should be approximately 78-80ºF. During the night, the temperature should drop to a more constant overall temperature of 78-80º

In my opinion, the ideal way of heating a royal python enclosure is to use a power plate. This is a small thin square plate, about 25mm thick which is screwed into the top of the vivarium. It does not need to be protected, as there is no way a snake can grip onto it. It is almost invisible to the eye as it simply sits on the ceiling of the vivarium. The only brand available in the UK is HabiStat Reptile Radiator; it is 75 Watts and is sufficient for any vivarium up to 4ft long and possibly larger. It produces no light and therefore in a vivarium you will need a form of lighting as well. A power plate should be used in conjunction with a HabiStat Pulse Proportional Thermostat, which will stop the power reaching the power plate as soon as the temperature goes above the setting, and turn back on as soon as it is too cool. This is one of the most accurate thermostats on the market today.

Ceramic heaters, spot bulbs and heat mats are also ways of heating a vivarium. These all have their advantages and disadvantages, but in my opinion, none quite weight out to be as good as a power plate.

Lighting

Royal Pythons are primarily nocturnal, meaning they venture out in the dark of night. This is when their main predators are sleeping, and their prey is awake. This is not to say though, that they never see the sun, or any form of lighting for that matter.

Having artificial light in a vivarium is aesthetically pleasing to the owner, and is a good addition to any snake’s enclosure. They will use this as a photo-period, and their regular time clock will generally adjust to the settings on which you have your light set to.

They do not require any form of special lighting, such as a D3 Ultra-Violet light commonly used for diurnal species. An Arcadia Natural Sunlight Fluorescent Lamp is a good form of lighting. This comes in lengths of 12” up to 48” and I suggest you use the largest size able to fit inside your vivarium.

Humidity

Royal Pythons are native to North Africa. The humidity is important for this species, but an overly high, constant humidity will cause problems. A 30-50% humidity should be offered, although perhaps raising it slightly when coming up to a slough will aid in shedding it’s skin properly. This can be achieved by slightly misting the enclosure.

Feeding

Hatchling Royal Pythons are capable of feeding on rat pups or small mice. As they grow, so should their food. I recommend using a food item the same size as the girth of the snake. The girth is the diameter of the widest part of the snake, which should be the middle part of the body. Hatchling royal pythons should be fed once a week on one or two appropriately sized food items. As they grow, their food should too increase in size, but not in quantity. As an adult, their food intake can slow down to once every two weeks, and a larger rat should be offered.

Royal pythons can be incredibly fussy feeders. Many are wild caught or captive farmed, which is often the result of their tricky feeding habits. In my experience, the one trick that works most the time to get them feeding, is to heat up the food item and offer the food using the ‘tease’ feed method. Please refer to our ‘Problematic Snake Feeding Page’ for more detailed information on how to get your Royal Python feeding.

By Chris Jones Director of Pet Club UK Ltd. http://www.petclubuk.com Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Chris_M_Jones

Why You Should Never Hit Your Dog

NEVER â€" under any circumstances â€" hit, kick, slap, swat or spank your dog! This serves no purpose whatsoever, other than to vent your own anger. It will, however, destroy your dog's trust in you as well as other people. Dogs who are hit and spanked become anxious, fearful and hand-shy (distrusting and scared of human hands reaching out to pet them). They can also become aggressive.

Trust and Respect vs. Fear

The foundation of good dog training is trust and respect (not to mention lots of love!). If your dog trusts and respects you, it will be much easier for him to accept and learn the training with a clear mind. Hitting a dog ultimately teaches him to fear you â€" how can you teach a dog who is scared of your hand or your voice, or is wary of coming close to you?

Making Bad Behavior Worse

In some cases, hitting or spanking a dog as punishment can make their behavior worse! While you might be saying "NEVER AGAIN" with a swat or a slap, your dog might be learning "never again in your presence"! Your dog will very quickly learn to wait till you aren't around to jump up on the counter and steal food, or he might urinate in a hidden area while you aren't looking. Once your dog learns this type of behavior, it is VERY hard to untrain him! That's right, "untrain" â€" once your dog starts doing things behind your back because he doesn't want to get hit by doing them in your presence, you can be sure that you've successfully trained him to do so. It's much harder to untrain a learned behavior than to train a new behavior!

Creating a Fearful or Aggressive Dog

Perhaps the saddest result of a dog who is physically struck on a regular basis is that dog becoming fearful or aggressive. One dog might become ultra-submissive, cowering in the presence of people and completely distrustful of them, while another dog might show his distrust through snapping, growling, even biting. This isn't how dogs are meant to live.

Never hit your dog - he'll love you for it!

Daniel Collinsworth More dog training articles can be found here: Dog Training Basics

Dog Clothes: Fashion vs. Function

These days, dog clothes have become popular items among dog owners, but are they really necessary or completely frivolous? The answer depends on several factors including the type of dog clothing and its purpose. In the case of Halloween or Christmas costumes, the dog clothes obviously exist solely for the enjoyment of the owner and other dog lovers and not for the dog's benefit. However, when winter hits, even the experts agree that dogs need extra protection from the cold.

Dr. Bruce Fogle, author of several dog books, says "Small dogs and delicate breeds with thin single coats may need additional protection from the winter rain and cold." For this purpose a quality small dog sweater can be very beneficial to small breeds like Chihuahuas that lose heat quickly and easily. Many people say they disagree with the idea of dressing up dogs, but as it has been proven there, many times dog clothes, i.e. dog sweaters serve a necessary function besides making dogs look cute.

Another popular item to buy among dog owners is an accessory. Just like dog clothing, the usefulness of an accessory depends on its purpose. For instance, a bandanna is not going to be of use to a dog, but booties can be. City dwellers know that when winter weather ices over the sidewalks, rock salt is poured out by the bag. The problem with rock salt is that it can cause a dog's feet to bleed and the salt itself can get in the wound and cause further irritation. Booties solve this problem and are easier to use than reapplying wax. Even Dr. Fogle says that "if winter is particularly harsh where you live, you could consider insulated boots for your dog." So, if you're having reservations about getting your best friend some dog clothes, just remember the benefits they are going to get.

Grant Carroll proud father of three dogs and co-owner of http://www.littlepamperedpets.com with Dog Clothes and Small Dog Sweaters. Visit Elizabeth Austin to find Wholesale Dog Clothes and Wholesale Pet Supplies

How to Find a Certified Dog Trainer

Are you in the market for a dog trainer? Do you want your dog to learn from a top notch certified dog trainer? You may have dreams of seeing your dog in professional dog competitions and shows. Therefore, you need to have your dog trained by a certified dog trainer to ensure the best results.

Why should you hire a certified dog trainer instead of a basic dog trainer? A certified dog trainer is one that takes their dog training career seriously enough to become certified. You can feel comfortable in the fact that they have met high dog training standards and passed certification exams and tests. You don’t want a fly-by-night dog trainer, but a certified dog trainer that is in it for the long haul.

How do you find a certified dog trainer? There are numerous dog trainers available in the market place today. Dog trainers range in age, skill level, and experience. Your neighbor might tell you that they are a dog trainer because they have read a few books on the subject and taught their dog to fetch the newspaper. This is not sufficient dog training experience.

You should consult a variety of resources. Try asking your dog breeder, groomer, and veterinarian. They can direct you to local dog training schools that have certified dog trainers on their faculty. Various pet supply stores have dog training programs that train and certify their dog trainers. Example pet supply stores include PETCO.

However, research what they mean by “certification�. Is the certification by PETCO standards only or by a universal certification? Find out what the requirements are for their certified dog trainers. Only then can you determine if their dog trainers will supply the skill level and experience you desire.

You need to find a dog trainer that has had comprehensive training and can proudly demonstrate that they are a certified dog trainer. Be aware, though, that there are many “certified dog training� schools and home correspondence courses available. Not all of these schools are credible nor do they provide proper instruction. You need to find a dog trainer that has certification as described by the Certification Council for Pet Dog Trainers.

The Certification Council for Pet Dog Trainers is a well respected organization that provides testing and certification services for dog trainers. They administer specific dog training tests in various states around the country approximately twice per year. These intensive tests root out the professional dog trainer from the average dog trainer. Check out their website at: http://www.ccpdt.org/.

The Certification Council for Pet Dog Trainers also provides a listing of certified dog trainers. You can search through this listing to find a certified dog trainer in your area. This roster of certified dog trainers comprises certified dog trainers all over the world. The certified dog trainer list will give you their contact information including name, city, phone number, and e-mail address. Another great feature is that they list the date the dog trainer became certified. This will let you know how many years they have been in the dog training business. Peruse the list at: http://ccpdt.org/rstr/index.html.

Certified pet trainers do not only need to pass a certification exam and testing, they must also continue their education through workshops, conferences, and other means. When selecting a certified dog trainer ask them about the extent of their continuing education. You want a certified dog trainer that continues to hone their craft. They should actively learning about various dog training methods. This demonstrates that they are committed to providing the best dog training.

A certified dog trainer should have at least three to five years of dog training experience. This is especially true if they charge higher fees. You can take the plunge with a newly certified dog trainer if cost is an issue. Newly certified dog trainers may charge lower rates in order to establish a list of clients and garner experience. “Master� certified dog trainers are those that have twenty to thirty years of experience. They may have great skill and in depth background experience, but may come at a higher price.

You have the beginning knowledge regarding finding a certified dog trainer. Spend time searching resources available through your dog breeder, veterinarian, and pet supply store. Scour the book store, library, and Internet for detailed information. You can find a certified dog trainer in your area as well.

You wouldn’t go to an unlicensed doctor would you? So why would go to a trainer that is not certified? Certified dog trainers are out there and ready to help you and your pooch learn valuable skills. They are committed to your dog, their career, and learning everything they can about becoming a top notch dog trainer. Who knows, your certified dog trainer may help your dog win the Westminster dog show. Not only would your dog be trained well and achieve glory, but the expense would be well worth it.

Visit the dog products website to research dog breeds & get free tips on dog training, dog health, dog grooming & how to find dog sitters & dog walkers.

Pet Insurance Is Vital To Your Financial & Emotional Health

Pet insurance was front and centre during my last visit to the vet. As we were standing in a line, a woman came screaming into the lobby, carrying her bleeding and crushed dog in her arms. He had been hit by a car and was near death. The dog was dying and she didn't have pet insurance. The woman was hysterical. The retriever had been in their family for 10 years and she was frantic about what would she tell the kids if she didn't bring their best friend home. The vets came running out and assessed the dog quickly on the spot. He needed emergency surgery, blood transfusions, x-rays and fluids. What did she want to do, they asked her. The cost to save her dog's life could be as high as $5000. They asked her again what she wanted to do. This just added to the woman's tears. I'll find a way, she said, do you what you have to do. They asked her if she had pet insurance and she said no. My goodness, I thought. Where would I come up with $5000 to save my pet if my credit cards were charged up? In that moment, I realized that the $15 per month I spent on pet insurance for each of my cats was not option. In fact, the pet insurance was vital to our financial and emotional health. What is pet insurance? Pet Insurance is a policy that covers your household pets such as cats and dogs as long as they're healthy. That means if an emergency medical situation arises like the dog above, I can make the best choices for the comfort and health of my pet. Pet insurance usually covers more than just the vet bills. It can also cover emergency kenneling costs, theft and travel. Piece of mind and emotional health for pet owners. Millions of dog and cat owners treat their pets like members of the family. My four cats are members of our family. I cannot imagine the trauma and distress of trying to make a life or death decision based solely on our ability to pay. Pet insurance means I never have to make that decision. That gives me great comfort similar to what I feel knowing my kids are looked after through my life insurance if something happens to me. Pet insurance means unexpected bills won't cause you financial hardship. Pet insurance can take away the financial worries when a pet is seriously ill. Knowing this, when I first discovered pet insurance in the late 1980's (while renewing my life insurance) I jumped all over it. At that time, $25 per month to cover three cats seemed like peanuts. Today, I pay $60 for 4 cats. Are there different levels of pet insurance? Just like the different coverages on your life insurance policy, pet insurance plans are the same. There are usually different levels of coverages available where different values or events are covered. Usually the higher the monthly payment, the greater the value of coverages. Different aspects of coverages you need to review include Vet's Fees, Coverage for Life, Accidental Damage, Death from Illness, Death from Accident, Advertising & Reward, Theft or Straying, Third Party Liability & Legal Expenses, Boarding Kennel Fees, Holiday Cancellation Costs and Overseas Travel. When should you get pet insurance? I have insured all of my cats within the first six months of life. It is often difficult to get insurance for older pets. Usually pre-existing illnesses will not be covered. That's why it is important to think about insurance as soon as possible.

Dogs - Travel Worries & Solutions

Going places with your dog Dogs do like to travel well. Adventurous by nature, they want to check out new sights and sounds. They like to meet and see new people. But this does not mean that traveling with a dog is as easy as traveling with your clutch bag. Here are some tips on how to have a worry-free travel experience with your pet dog. Hiring a pet sitter If you are traveling far away from home without your pet dog, you might want to hire a pet sitter who could take care of your dog full-time. A pet sitter could be a member of your family or a friend who could stay over in your house and watch over your dog. You could also ask your veterinarian who could recommend someone to do the pet-sitting. Leaving the dog in a kennel If you choose to leave your pet in a kennel, shop around for recommendations for a good one from friends that own dogs or your vet. Go to the kennel before taking your dog and check if animals look well-cared for and the facilities comfortable and clean. Chat with the staff to make sure that your dog will be cared for properly. Traveling with your dog Should you decide that you're bringing the dog along in your travel, ask the vet some tips on how to best travel with a dog, including problems on the transportation method. Ask if he or she could give your dog a certificate of clean health. If you are flying via airplane, you should have a sturdy carrier for your pet. If not, the airline could ask you to buy a carrier from them. Some airlines allow your pet in the passenger compartment with you. Some put all the animals in the luggage compartment. If you are riding in a car, the air conditioning should be kept on. Do not leave your dog unattended in a car that is parked. Do not park in direct sunlight even for a brief period of time, as it could drastically raise the heat temperature inside your car that might result in dehydration, heat stroke, or worse. Foreign travel Traveling with a dog or any other pet in foreign countries can prove to be difficult. Check with your vet for some tips. You might also want to ask the local consulate of the country you are visiting what are their requirements for you to bring your pet along. Going places with your dog may be a pleasant experience. But you should remember taking a dog, or any pet with you, anywhere could be a bit difficult.

How To Pick The Right Pet Bunny Rabbit For YOU!

Aside from appearance, there are a number of considerations that you will have to make when it comes time to pick out your fuzzy friend at a pet store or other venue. This is important both to ensure that you select a healthy pet, and to make sure that you and he are compatible! Now I'll explain what you'll need to think about prior to heading out to buy your pet rabbit, and what to look for when you're actually selecting an animal from a breeder, adoption center or pet store. Remember, while size, breed, fur type and color are mostly a matter of personal preference (as I've explained in the previous chapter), the considerations here are essential to bringing home and raising a healthy pet. There are a few general points to think about when deciding whether a rabbit is the right type of pet for you and for the rest of your family, too. Allergies Many people in this country have pet allergies, often to dogs or cats. It is worth remembering that if you are allergic to cats, chances are you might well be allergic to rabbits. Of course, this is not always the case, and you may wish get an allergy test from your doctor before deciding to bring home a new pet. If you don't want to go to a doctor for a test, you may want to visit a pet store or breeder and see how you feel after handling the animals. Also keep in mind that it is not just the pet itself that you may be allergic to. Rabbits often consume hay, which could be problematic in households where a family member has hay allergies. Children in the House Do you have young children? If so, a rabbit may not be an ideal pet. For the most part, this has nothing to do with rabbits being a danger to the child. On the contrary, since young rabbits are delicate and relatively tiny, a child may very well do unintentional damage to the pet! For this reason, older children, who have a better sense of their own strength and understand how to treat animals nicely, may be better suited to a pet rabbit. In any event, if you do choose to bring a pet rabbit into a home with young kids, always try to supervise interactions between your child and your pet to ensure that both remain safe and healthy. Children must be taught how to handle rabbits, and only if they are mature and responsible enough to be trusted with the fuzzy creature. Money Even if you adopt a rabbit for free rather than buying one, you should prepare for certain expenses. A good-sized cage will cost you at least $30 USD or $40 USD, and this is an absolute essential. You can also expect to pay for other accessories, such as toys. Feeding is another considerable expense. At minimum you will need to buy food pellets, hay and vegetables for your rabbit to consume. You may also need to supplement with vitamins. Then there is also the matter of the litter box and fresh litter, which can add up over time. Moreover, you will need to take care of medical issues such as spaying (starting at $35) or neutering (a bit cheaper, starting at $25), as well as medical bills for checkups and any illnesses that arise. Of course, it is also possible in some cases to purchase or adopt pet rabbits that have already been spayed or neutered, but even then it is going to be essential to pay for various medical expenditures over the course of your pet's lifetime. Before bringing home a rabbit, make sure that you can commit to giving him the quality of lifestyle he deserves throughout his lifetime (5-15 years, depending on the rabbit's breed and age and health at the time of purchase). by Andrea Austin, http://www.rabbits-n-bunnies.com

The Eleventh Commandment: Care For Your Pets

Pets are an extension of one’s life and love. Caring for pets means one has the ability, skill and heart to give love and take good care of one of nature’s creations. The following are tips and advice to consider when caring for that furry feline, canine, tweety, crawly, etc. friend of yours.

Clean, clean, clean and clean

Sanitation is an all important aspect of a pet’s existence. It is important that pets must be washed and cleaned regularly. Also, dishes used by pets must be separated from those dishes used by other human members of the household. Rinse the dishes used by pets with boiling water, this is after they have been washed thoroughly with soap and water.

As mush as possible, do not let children kiss any and all forms of animals. Dishes used by children should never, ever be shared with pets. Wash your hands quickly and thoroughly after handling pets, pet foods, their cages, boxes, etc. Make sure that pets have been vaccinated appropriately against any and all forms of disease.

Know which does and which does not cause poison

Be aware and be in the know with regards to the kinds of poisons that are available in and around your house. Any products that are lethal for pets must be very well kept out of their reach. An example of these products are the following: pesticides, cleaners, fertilizers, detergents. However, in such a case where the animal is suspected of ingesting such chemicals, make sure that the pet is kept quiet and warm.

It is also important that the poison ingested is immediately determined as well as the quantity swallowed. Most importantly, the nearest animal doctor or the center for poison control is contacted as soon as possible.

Tis the season to have fleas

For pets, especially dogs, fleas and its bites is so annoying and irritating. Pets scratch, pets also chew. After which, what could follow is a very painful and uncomfortable process of more scratching and skin rashes or breakout.

Take note, fleas that have grown into full fledged adults are more dangerous to the health of your pets to the extent that they could cause serious health problems such as dermatitis, allergy, tapeworms. Believe it or not, these fleas could also cause your pet to have anemia. These diseases that are flea-related actually is the leading cause of almost fifty percent of skin-related cases checked up by vets.

The best thing in order to avoid these fleas is to prevent their causes rather than just simply cure them.

Veterinarians have a good idea as to the specific and latest products that effectively kills fleas, their eggs and any larvae.

Choose your vet wisely

The best way to choose the appropriate vet is by thinking how this vet bests suits your wants and needs with regards to the health of your pet as well as the needs of your pet. Good vets usually take a pet history. Records of immunization, health, medications, traits and attitudes of your pet are taken in detail and kept.

Vets must always have your pet’s need as their priority. The following are a few of the best ways to finding that perfect vet for your pet: ask a friend who knows. Friends who also care sincerely for animals or own one usually have a good vet in mind or are having their pets checked up to one.

In summary, pets are human’s best friend. And as best friends they should be treated the same way that humans must be appropriately treated; with care, respect and lots of love.

Article Source: http://www.articledashboard.com

Robert Thatcher is a freelance publisher based in Cupertino, California. He publishes articles and reports in various ezines and provides pet care resources on www.justpetcare.info.

Is Your Dog Annoying The Neighbors? How To Deal With Excessive Barking

Along with a baby's crying, the persistant barking of a dog is one of the most annoying sounds. But is there anything you can do as a dog owner to 'persuade' your pooch to stop barking? Here are a few suggestions from an experienced dog owner. The bark. It can be annoying. But, in effect, it is the way the dog is communicating to you. For example, it can mean, 'hello' or it can mean 'go away.' It can mean that they want to play or that they are protecting their territory. You may think your dog is barking too much, or your neighbors may think so. But, before you can put an end to your trouble, it's best to figure out why she is barking in the first place. Some dogs have been breed to bark so it is instinctive that they bark endlessly. For example, the beagle is a hunting dog and was trained to bark when it spotted the prey. Another example are some toy dogs which were bred to be a warning signals of invasion. Even so, some dogs within these breeds bark more than they should, some more than others. Did you encourage this behavior in your dog? If you give your dog a reward for barking then they are thinking it's a good thing. Not necessarily a treat, the reward may have been attention. Even if you think it was a scolding you gave her, she saw it as attention. Are you trying to quiet her? Did you bend down and pet her, sooth her or just talk to her? Yes, this is attention. You are actually encouraging this behavior when the dog barks and you react like this. There are several ways in which you can work with your dog to stop this behavior. One of those ways is to use a bark collar. These collars all work in different ways but they can disperse a citronella scent that the dog doesn't like or they can even provide a small shock when the bad behavior occurs. But, this will not work in all cases and some do not like the idea of 'hurting' the animal even though the dog is not harmed at all. Another solution would be to use a professional trainer or to pick up a few books that are how to's on training your animal and work one on one with the dog to stop the behavior. When a dog barks, he is protecting you or just warning you. The dog is trained by ancestors to do just that; to warn people. It makes sense then that the dog would be a little upset at there is a man approaching the house even though he visits daily with the mail. The dog wants you to know that the man is there and that you should react to the mailman. Those dogs that do bark too much may need some help. You can find a lot of help on training your dog to stop barking in books or with professionals. Use training as well as patience to help your dog learn when its okay and when it is not.

The Beagle - Friendly Loyal and Loving

A small to medium sized dog, the beagle weighs between 20-28 lbs and is 12" to 16" in height. Sometimes referred to as the English Beagle, this breed is energetic, friendly and loyal both as a family companion and hunting dog.

Coat colors accepted by the AKC are orange and white, lemon and white, red and white or tri-colored. Black, white and tan tri-colored coats are the most common. Their medium length coat is smooth, hard and close. It requires minimal brushing and only needs washed occasionally.

Friendly, loyal, loving and playful are all qualities that make them excellent family pets. Homes with other dogs, pets and children can all welcome the Beagle as part of the family. They require minimal socialization and actually enjoy the companionship of other pets and their family. A very energetic breed, the beagle needs a home that will give them plenty of play time, exercise and regular walks. When outside they should be in a fenced in yard and a leash should be used for walks as they have a tendency to explore and follow scents. They make good watchdogs as they will let you know if someone is at the door by barking, but they are naturally friendly with strangers, so don't expect them to be good guard dogs.

Originating in England, this scent hound was bred for hunting rabbits and quails. They would often hunt in packs or pairs, but can also hunt well alone as well. They have an excellent sense of smell which makes them good at tracking and as narcotics dogs. Today they are mainly seen as companion dogs in the United States, but they are also used as hunting dogs.

A breed with such a friendly, loving nature is perfect for just about any family dynamic. Because of their high energy level and need for regular exercise, they work best with active families or those that have a yard where they can have plenty of time to roam and run. If you are looking for an affectionate breed that enjoys family companionship and loves to play, then the Beagle is the perfect dog for you.

Learn more about the Beagle or discuss dogs with other dog lovers at http://www.deardoggy.com/

Canine Dental Care: Make Dog Tooth Cleaning Part of Your Regular Routine

We brush our own teeth daily, but sometimes we forget our dogs need regular tooth cleaning too. Just like humans, poor dental hygiene can lead to health problems and tooth decay in our furry friends.

According to research, by the time your dog is three years old there is already an 80% chance that he already has some gum problems due to plaque and tartar buildup. Typical signs are redness or bleeding gums, bad breath, and loose teeth. Even annual or semi-annual professional cleanings at your vet's office may not be enough to prevent tooth problems in your dog. Regular tooth cleaning at home needs to be part of your dog's grooming program. (It’s not as hard as you think, honestly!)

Dog Tooth Cleaning at Home

You can prevent some gum or tooth problems by regularly brushing your dog's teeth at home. Dog toothpaste comes in great flavors like beef and poultry. Once you get your dog accustomed to feel of the toothbrush and having his mouth handled, he may actually learn to enjoy the brushing process.

My dog LOVES to have her teeth brushed-â€"no kidding! Our friends, especially their kids, are quite entertained when they watch the process. As soon as she sees me pull her toothbrush and dog toothpaste out of the cupboard, she gets excited. I sit on the couch, she gets "in position" between my knees and puts her head on my knee.

She loves the taste of both the beef and poultry-flavored dog toothpastes. Unlike human toothpaste, dog toothpaste is meant to be swallowed. She likes it so much that we go through a lot of toothpaste. She licks it as I brush, so I need a dollop for each side of her mouth. It still beats the cost of remedial care if she had tooth and gum disease from lack of canine dental care.

OK, So How Do You Get a Reluctant Dog to Accept Tooth Brushing?

We were lucky in that we started getting our dog accustomed to tooth cleaning when she was a puppy. Here are some tips on how we got her used to tooth cleaning. It is not difficult; it just takes a little time and patience. It will work with adult dogs as well as puppies.

Supplies needed:

• Dog toothpaste (beef or poultry flavored works best)
• Dog toothbrush (Be sure to get one specially for dogs with soft bristles. We like the kind with a curved handle; it is easier to reach the back teeth)
• Dental pads (if desired)
• Lots of treats to start

  1. Get your dog used to having his mouth handled. Gently hold his muzzle with one hand and stroke it with the other hand. Lift his upper lip to expose his teeth. Give him a tasty treat as a reward. Repeat this procedure for several days until your dog feels comfortable with your hands near his mouth.

  2. Get your dog used to the toothpaste. Try putting a dab on your finger and touching it to your dog's teeth and gums. If your dog balks at this, try dipping your finger in peanut butter or something else yummy to dogs like beef or chicken broth, for the first few tries. Then switch to the dog toothpaste once he seems comfortable. I recommend the beef or poultry flavor toothpaste versus mint flavored. Dogs seem to like them better than mint. Praise your dog, telling him what a good boy he is. Repeat daily for the next two or three days.

  3. Get your dog used to tooth cleaning. Using plain gauze or a piece of soft cloth wrapped around your finger, or a dental pad or sponge, dab on some dog toothpaste and gently wipe your dog's teeth and gums using a circular motion. Praise your dog for being good. Repeat this process for the next few days.

  4. Ready for real tooth brushing. Put some toothpaste on your dog's toothbrush. Hold his muzzle gently and with a finger lift his lip on one side. Gently brush his teeth using a circular motion, and go all the way to the gum line. Be sure to get his back teeth too, then add a little more toothpaste if needed and go on to the other side.

  Try to make your dog's tooth cleaning a daily habit. If you can't manage to do it daily, try every other day. It only takes a couple of minutes, you just have to get in the habit of doing it.

  Last, REMEMBER TO MAKE IT FUN and REWARD YOUR DOG. With a little time and patience, you will soon find your dog, if not exactly anticipating the tooth cleaning, at least cooperating. His clean teeth and fresher breath will be worth the effort.

  Valerie Goettsch is web master of My Favorite Dog, a website featuring dozens of articles and information on where to find the best of everything for your dog, from flea meds to beds, training and designer dog clothes.

Beware of Holiday Goodies for your dog or cat

The holidays mean lots of rich and fatty foods for most people. Who can resist ...... candy, cookies, fudge, egg nog, pumpkin pie, not to mention the home cooked meals and family togetherness? It's part of the spirit of the season. While we may not be able to resist the urge to overindulge ourselves, we can and should resist the urge to overindulge our pets. Let's face it, we all sneak a little table treat to our pets every now and then. It's hard to say no to those wanting eyes. And, the excited look on their little face when they realize they are getting a treat is priceless. But, tread lightly down this path!! For one, animals have a very short span of contentment. Their contented state lasts long enough for them to swallow the last bite. Then, those wanting eyes are right back in your face, watching your every move... expecting... hoping... guilting ... If you head down this path, be prepared to deal with it every single time you sit down for dinner. But, the annoyance of a begging animal is just a minor problem. The bigger problem is that table scraps can lead to indigestion, upset tummies, vomiting and diarrhea. Pets have a very sensitive system. Upsetting the balance of that system can cause them all kinds of health problems. Table scraps can also be high in fat and sugar, which can lead to weight problems, heart problems, and diabetes. So, What are the Best Types of Treats? Treats that contain wholesome, natural ingredients are a great alternative for keeping your pets healthy and happy.Âÿ Consider treats that work to improve the overall health of your pets.Âÿ There are many out there that promote dental health, assist with achy joints, are high in antioxidants, or vitamin enriched.Âÿ

Shih Tzu - Dealing With Housetraining Problems

The best house training uses the shih tzu's own instincts to avoid soiling its bed to train the shih tzu where and where not to eliminate. That is the basis behind crate training, in which the shih tzu is confined to its crate in the absence of the owner, and den training, in which the shih tzu is confined to a small area of the home. In essence, the crate, or the room, becomes the shih tzu's den. Shih Tzu are naturally very clean animals, and they try their best to avoid using their dens as toilets. This type of training usually works very well, both for shih tzu puppies and for older shih tzu. Problems with this type of toilet training are usually the result of not understanding the signals the shih tzu is sending, not being consistent with feeding times, or trying to rush the process. While the house training process can be sped up somewhat by consistently praising the shih tzu and rewarding it for toileting in the proper place, some shih tzu cannot be rushed through this important process. It is always best to house train the shih tzu properly the first time than to go back and retrain a problem shih tzu. If the dog continues to soil the den area after house training, the most likely reason is that the owner has left the shih tzu in the den for too long. Another reason may be that the den area is too large. In this case, the best strategy is to make the den area smaller or to take the shih tzu to the toilet area more frequently. If the shih tzu soils the bed that has been provided in the den area, it is most likely because the owner has left the shih tzu there for too long, and the shih tzu had an understandable accident. Or it could be that the shih tzu has not yet adopted this area as the bed. In addition, urinary tract infections and other medical conditions can also cause shih tzu to soil their beds. It is important to have the shih tzu thoroughly checked out by a veterinarian to rule out any medical problems. One other reason for house training accidents that many people overlook is boredom. Shih tzu who are bored often drink large amounts of water and therefore must urinate more frequently than you might think. If you notice your shih tzu consuming large amounts of water, be sure to take the shih tzu to the established toilet area more often, and provide the shih tzu with toys and other distractions to eliminate boredom. Boredom is the root cause of many shih tzu behavior problems, not only house training issues. Chewing and other destructive behaviors are also often caused by boredom and separation anxiety. Other problems with house training can occur when the shih tzu's den is not properly introduced. In some cases dogs can react to the den as if it is a prison or a punishment. Those shih tzu may exhibit signs of anxiety, such as whining, chewing and excessive barking. It is important for the shih tzu to feel secure in its den, and to think of it as a home and not a cage. The best way to house train a shih tzu puppy or shih tzu dog, or to re-house train a problem shih tzu, is to make yourself aware of the shih tzu's habits and needs. Creating a healthy, safe sleeping and play area for your shih tzu, as well as a well defined toilet area, is important for any house training program. House training is not always an easy process, but it is certainly an important one. The number one reason that dogs are surrendered to animal shelters is problems with inappropriate elimination, so a well structured house training program can literally be a lifesaver for your shih tzu.

Feline Anxiety Causes Cat Litter Box Problems

Cats experience anxiety and get stressed out just like us human staffers. Unlike people, cats don't have a lot of creative ways to express their feelings. Unfortunately, when cats suffer from stress and anxiety, they generally communicate it in a very clear way that can really turn humans upside down. They usually tell us by not using the cat litter box. And since we can't speak meow, and cats don't talk, the challenge is to figure why our cats aren't feeling right. Usually when a cat stops using her litter box, it's a medical problem. But if it isn't, one of causes high on my list is stress and anxiety. What do cats get anxious about? Here's a partial list: - Moving to a new home - Gaining a new household member, animal or human - You change jobs and start a new schedule - You bring new furniture into your home - Kitty's favorite person moves out, and she misses that individual - Construction and/or remodeling of your home - Relocation of her cat litter box(es) - Change in type of cat litter This list is not complete. Felines are complicated creatures, and almost anything can set them off. If your cat suddenly stops using the litter box out of the blue, eliminate any medical causes first. If kitty gets a clean bill of health, examine the list above, and think about any recent changes you've made to your home. If it appears to be a coincidence, it probably isn't. This can be a tough problem to solve, but once you figure out the cause, you can start developing solutions. If the stress-inducing situation is temporary (such as the last three items on my list), they can be dealt with. On the other hand, if the problem appears to be one of the first five, you'll need plenty of patience and a strategy to get kitty right again. Often, once kitty gets used to the change, she'll calm down and start to use her litter box again. During her adjustment period, it may work to confine her to one room with her food, water, litter box, bedding, and toys. This limits the amount of damage done to your home, and as kitty realizes the changes mean her no harm, she'll get back to her good cat litter box habits. You can also help kitty calm down by purchasing synthetic feline hormones. These will reassure her that life is still OK. You can also administer homeopathic remedies that are completely natural and cause no side effects. Many feline owners get an anti-anxiety prescription for kitty, but if your cat freaks out over being pilled, this will increase her stress. If this is the case, rely on the synthetic hormones and homeopathic remedies to solve this problem. Consult with your vet on the best course of action to help your kitty quickly get over her stress and anxiety. Reassure your cat with lots of extra attention and love, and this too shall pass!

The 'Hands On' Approach to Loving Your Pet

If you are really interested in the holistic approach, then giving your pet massages in addition to nutrient rich premium dog food and cat food as well as nutritional supplements can help to keep your beloved animal in superb shape. Not only is massage a great way to spot situations on your pet that you would not have noticed otherwise, it is also a wonderful way to bond with your animal.

If you want to enhance your dog or cat's inner wellness, relax their muscles and stimulate various neurotransmittersâ€"their own natural healing mechanismsâ€"then massage or acupressure is possibly the best possible area to get started. Here are a few of the basics.

Find a quiet, peaceful place and choose the right time. Start by brushing your hands gently from the head to the start of the tail. Continue this at a speed that permits your animal to relax. You will see and feel the relaxation fisthand.

There are acupressure points all over their bodies. They are between the muscle and the bone. There are books that tell you exactly where these points are. For basic massage, focus on the area that appears to be affecting your dog or cat. You may wish to massage that area for some time. Your animal will tell you how well you are doing by his/her level of relaxation.

Apply a steady rotating pressure with one fingertip to the particular acupressure point. To stimulate the point and give it additional energy, rub it in a clockwise fashion.

If you wish to calm them down or relax a sore muscle, massage in a counterclockwise fashion instead.

It is vital that you relax also. Breathe slowly as well as deeply, expanding your gut out as you breath out and pulling your tummy in while you breath in.

If you cannot get in a comfortable position or if your dog/cat is obviously unhappy, then the massage will obviously not be beneficial. Get up and plan a different time for it.

As your pet’s energy meets yours, you will see as well as feel the alignment between the two of you. The breathing may become closer to your rhythm or move so that your hands hit particular points more often. This is an example of the human-animal bond.

Towards the end of your massage session, your animal will be relaxed enough for you to gently rub his ears, rub softly around his eyes as well as on his muzzle. When done, make sure to rise slowly to give your pet the cue that the session is complete.

This is a very basic overview of some of the holistic methods that you may want to consider.

Ryan Joseph is a writer/researcher. For information regarding Life's Abundance premium dog food from holistic vet Dr. Jane Bicks go to http://www.dog-food-nutrition.com/dog-food.htm.

Grooming The Shih Tzu Pet Or Show Dog

The Shih Tzu with its long coat of hair requires regular, careful grooming. It is better to take a little time each day to keep the coat of your Shih Tzu in top shape than to allow it to go almost beyond repair. If you don’t set aside each day to properly groom your Shih Tzu, the coat will take a lot more time and energy to restore to its original luster and length. This is especially true if you are grooming for the show ring.

The first step is to choose a particular spot for grooming your Shih Tzu each time. Choose a spot where the light is good and where your Shih Tzu will have fewest distractions. Keep toys, treats and other distractions away from your Shih Tzu grooming area. Let your Shih Tzu know this is work that is absolutely necessary. Be firm but gentle.

You must groom a Shih Tzu from the skin out to be effective. Your Shih Tzu grooming table should be sturdy and steady to keep your Shih Tzu from becoming nervous on a wabbling table. A ribbed rubber matting is nice on the Shih Tzu grooming table and is easy to keep clean.

Time to groom your Shih Tzu will depend upon how much hair he has, the thickness of the coat and texture. Shih Tzu more heavily coated will of course require more time in grooming.

The correct brush for a Shih Tzu should have pin bristles. Brush your Shih Tzu’s coat in layers from the skin out to the very ends of the hair. Notice how your brush gathers hair. If the brush is gathering hair only on one side as you brush your Shih Tzu you are holding the brush in the wrong position. A Shih Tzu’s coat should be brushed in the direction in which hair is to fall. However, Shih Tzu puppies can benefit from brushing the coat in ever which way to stimulate the skin and hair cells to encourage growth of the permanent coat. Fluff the leg hair on a Shih Tzu puppy for a finishing touch.

Pay special attention to your Shih Tzu’s feet. The feet of a Shih Tzu are usually the first to get dirty and the hardest to get clean. They tend to tangle and mat easier. The hocks and elbows of your Shih Tzu should receive special attention.

If you find a find a bad tangle or mat in your Shih Tzu’s coat, brush away the surrounding hair and take the mat in your hand. Take a little of the mat at a time and shred it gently with your fingers, working it apart. Take your comb and carefully work it out from the ends of the hair first until you get to the skin of your Shih Tzu. Start at the bottom and work toward the body. When the mat has all been separated, brush the broken hairs out until all the remaining hairs are free.

Connie Limon is a Shih Tzu breeder. She publishes a FREE weekly newsletter. A professional newsletter with a focus upon health and wellness for you and your pets. Discounts are offered to subscribers. Sign up at: http://www.stainglassshihtzus.com

Designer Dog Collars

Dog collars are a necessity. Dog collars make wonderful gifts for dogs. Many people would not hesitate to spend a bundle on a unique dog collar that would delight their faithful friend.

Today, there are many different kinds of dog collars available. There are many manufacturers who are providing exclusively designed collars. These are also custom-designed as per the customer’s specifications. These make really unique gifts since they can be designed to reflect the personality of the dog or the owner.

Designer collars are the most fashionable gifts that can be given to an adored pet. These include collars made of unique materials such as denim, suede, leather, vinyl, foam, or even precious metals such as gold, silver or platinum. These are decorated with beads, and precious or semi-precious stones such as gemstones, rubies, zircons, Swarovski crystals and even diamonds! The designs can be customized to spell the pet’s name, which would make the collar all the more appealing. Designer collars can be both fancy as well as functional.

Designer dog collars are available in many different sizes: toy (8-10), small (10-14), small plus (14-16), medium (16-18), large (20-22) and extra large (22-24). The width of the collar is generally ½ or 1. 10-14 collars are for beagles, Jack Russells, and shelties, which have smaller necks. Labs, Australian shepherds, Dalmatians, pointers and spaniels would need bigger collars, as they have neck sizes ranging between 14 and 20 inches, while rottweilers, Great Danes, and chow chows have neck lengths between 18 and 28 inches.

Some manufacturers also make custom collars to fit the dog perfectly. While measuring the dog for the collar, ensure that the collar rests comfortably a couple of inches below the head. Place two fingers between the tape and the dog’s neck for the right size. Choose a bigger collar for growing dogs. Designer dog collars are priced at around $20 and may go up to $100 or more. They can be affixed with attractive tags or charms for a more personalized look.

Dog Collars provides detailed information on Dog Collars, Personalized Dog Collars, Small Dog Collars, Fancy Dog Collars and more. Dog Collars is affiliated with Designer Dog Clothes. Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Kevin_Stith

How To Train A Dog To Stay

In this article I want to explain how to get your dog to stay. Most of the time, when you get up to leave out of a room, your dog will want to follow, especially if they're energetic. Sometimes you will want them to stay in one place. The first thing you want to do is get a supply of dog treats. Take your dog into a quiet room and have him sit down. Hold out the dog treat in your hand, letting the dog know that you have it. When the dog tries to take the treat, close your hand. Your dog should then pull his head back. When he does this, praise him and give him the treat. Timing is very important for training your dog to stay. Repeat the process again. Keep doing it until the dog doesn't go for the treat, and instead pulls back immediately. After the dog is consistenly pulling back each time you hold out the treat, you want to begin the next stage of the process. Repeat the first step again, but wait two seconds after your dog pulls back before handing him the treat. Make sure you only praise your dog and give him a treat while he is remaining still. If the dog gets up, walk a few steps away and repeat the process again. Keep doing this until the dog sits for at least five seconds. Make sure that you're able to get the dog to stay while you're next to him before trying to get him to stay while you're walking away. For the next step, begin telling the dog to stay as you show him the treat. Tell the dog something like "ok" or "good" after handing him the treat. If the dog does not site for at least 30 seconds, tell him something like "no" and don't give him the treat. If your dog continues to make mistakes, try for 15 seconds instead of thirty. If the dog continues to make mistakes this means you're moving to0 fast. Go back to what the dog already understands and build up from this point. As your dog begins to get better and stays for longer periods of time, take him from a quiet room to an area of more distraction. Do all the steps above over again. This way the dog will learn to follow your commands without being distracted.

Dogs, Cats, Horses…We Love Them All!

We have a long history with domesticated animals and even the nay Sayers can’t deny their roll in society past and present.

There is evidence that as long as 10,000 years ago the Native Americans had domesticated dogs as depicted in early rock paintings. Apparently, the dogs in the painting look remarkably like the Carolina dogs of today.

It has been well documented that dogs and horses of past have been bred to assist us in various ways whether it be pack dog, work horse, hunter or herder. There is no doubt that they have value and have contributed to society in many ways.

The cat however is a very interesting animal indeed. I have yet to see a cat that can herd, or help with the hunt or carry supplies on their backs for us. The cat is strictly a companion to us, that is if they decide to allow you to be graced with their presence. Most cats still have that strong hunting urge as evidenced by your cats offering of that bird he just caught or mouse he brings to you. Most cats get attached to an area that they claim as their own. Some cats get very attached to the people who love them but as a general rule I think the cat feels he is the one who rules and he is allowing you to care for him. Still, we love them.

Horses are a special breed and have a tremendous ability to assist us in ways as only the horse can. Horses have been our mode of transportation much longer than our current ways of getting around. They are to me of such beauty, grace, and power and I always think of them in that way much more than an animal that works for us. They are spectacular.

Dogs however are by far the most domesticated of all animals. They not only help us but they are so genuinely attached to people and their antics are a constant source of pleasure to us. Just look at children or elderly people in an old folks home. If a child finds a stray dog they will surely beg you to allow them to keep the dog. If you take a dog into an old folks home you can see the dog respond happily around them and the smiles on peoples faces are a joy to see.

I had a Springer Spaniel when I was younger and he was the funniest, most easy- going dog around. He was unusual in that he had a very special relationship with our guinea pig. We had the best time watching these two at play. It was the same every day. The guinea pig would wait at the hallway entrance and would stay there until the dog noticed. Then the chase was on! The dog would bark and chase him all the way down the hall. The guinea pig at the last minute would veer to the left and run into the bedroom and go under the bed. The dog was big and somewhat clumsy and would never be able to slow down in time and he’d crash into the wall, get up and then go put his nose under the bed and bark. They would do this four or five times in a row and then curl up together and sleep. Those two made us laugh. It was great!

We love our animals, as it should be. Be kind and take well care of them.

Willie Jones

Willie is a freelance writer, researcher, floral designer, and artist. Thanks very much for reading this far. Please come and visit us at: http://www.artinspires.com/for an inspirational poster or two

“Make sure you enroll in the free motivational poster drawing. All winners receive a free framed print.�

Natural Flea Remedies for Dogs

While companies boast the effectiveness of traditional flea control methods for dogs, some reports indicate that they can be toxic, and in some cases cause hot spots, allergies, and compromised immune function. In rarer cases, these methods have been fatal. As a result, more and more owners are looking to find safe and effective alternatives to flea shampoos, powders, collars, and the like. The following may help reduce the incidence of fleas for your dog. 1. General Diet. There's a nutritional reason why your dog has fleas, and it could be in large part that your dog's immune system may be compromised. A strong immune system and high nutrient levels naturally deter fleas and other insects. In particular, the levels of B complex, zinc, selenium and antioxidants in the body and bloodstream play a large role in immune function. By feeding your animals a high-quality, natural diet, free of additives and preservatives, you improve their health and dramatically increase their protection from fleas. A healthy animal does not taste or smell as good to fleas. 2. Dietary Supplements. Garlic. 1-3 fresh garlic cloves-pulverized and mixed with food--may be administered daily. Brewer's Yeast/Thiamin. The potent nutrient found in brewer's yeast is thiamin. One milligram (1 mg) of thiamine daily for each five pounds of your pet's body weight is ideal. For a large dog, you might administer one tablespoon of brewer's yeast supplemented with a B-complex vitamin pill. Brewer's yeast can also be dusted on externally as a flea powder. If your pet licks some off, there's no harm done. Zinc. This mineral is essential for healthy skin, but is lacking in many pets' diets. Use chelated (pronounced key-lated) zinc: 10 mg daily for small dogs; 20 mg for larger canines. These dietary supplements will require close to a month to build up to flea-fighting levels in a pet's skin. So start them in the spring before you find yourself in the midst of a severe flea invasion. 3. Vinegar--internal use. Take a gallon of water, add four to six teaspoons of organic white vinegar, and give it to your pets as their only drinking water. If they have a water dish outside, use this water for that as well. During the winter, you can use a smaller amount (~4 teaspoons), but you'll want to use a more potent mixture (~6 teaspoons) during flea season. 4. Grooming. Combing your dog daily with a flea comb is an important part of flea control. Bathing animals regularly is also advised. 5. Bathing and Shampooing. There is no need to use chemical flea shampoos. A water bath with a gentle soap that won't irritate their skin is sufficient to eliminate existing fleas. You can also use bentonite or terramin clay mixed with water into a thin paste. Wet your dog thoroughly, then in brush the clay into the fur and massage it in the skin for a few minutes. Then rinse off lightly. 6. Organic red or white vinegar as skin remedy. Vinegar is a naturally occurring germ killer and is one of the very first medicines known to man. It kills germs on contact and it contains bacteria which is unfriendly to infectious micro-organisms. It is a natural remedy and most of all, it is safe. For a full body treatment, add four cups of vinegar to the bath water. Be careful not to get the vinegar/water mixture in the ears and eyes. The vinegar/water rinses are a quick remedy to relieve minor skin irritations such as hives, chigger bites, other insect bites and rashes. 7. Neem Oil as skin remedy. The seeds, bark and leaves of the neem plant contain compounds with proven antiseptic, antiviral, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, and antifungal uses. For thousands of years, the Indian people have appreciated the medicinal and insect-repellent properties of neem leaves and seeds. Mix one ounce of pure neem oil with 2 or 3 ounces of organic white vinegar and 4 to 6 ounces of water. Before applying, hose your dog thoroughly with water. Shake the bottle well several times while applying the oil mixture on the entire body, including legs, feet, tail, etc. Then brush your dog to help disperse the neem oil futher on fur and skin. Do not rinse off. Neem oil repels flea immediately and help heal hotspots and promote a healthy skin.